申请人:GAF Corporation
公开号:US03997519A1
公开(公告)日:1976-12-14
The method of preparing quaternary pyridinium compounds having the formula ##STR1## WHEREIN R represents alkyl, ##STR2## in which A is phenyl, naphthyl, carbostyrilyl, pyrazolinyl and substituted derivatives thereof where the substitutents are selected from the group consisting of alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, NO.sub.2, Cl, Br, phenyl, nitrophenyl and methylsulfonate; B is -O-alkylene-, ##STR3## AND C is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, NHCOR.sub.1 and, when B is -O-alkylene, C can also be --OR.sub.2 -- where R.sub.1 is alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R.sub.2 is alkylene of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and wherein R.sub.4 represents lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, halophenyl, alkylphenyl or naphthyl, m represents an integer of 1 or 2 and m' is equal to m. The process for preparing the particularly designated compounds above comprises contacting pyridine and a hydroxy-containing compound having the formula: R'--(OH).sub.n wherein R' represents alkyl, ##STR4## in which A' is phenyl, naphthyl, carbostyrilyl, pyrazolinyl and substituted derivatives thereof where the substituents are selected from the group consisting of alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, NO.sub.2, Cl, Br, phenyl, nitrophenyl and hydroxy; B, C, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are as defined above; and n is an integer of 1 or 2 and is equivalent to m defined above; reacting the pyridine and said hydroxy-containing compound in the presence of a sulfonyl halide having the formula R.sub.4 SO.sub.2 X wherein R.sub.4 is as defined above and X is Cl, Br or F; and conducting the reaction at an elevated temperature up to the reflux temperature of the reaction mixture. The quaternary pyridinium compounds can be used to prepare cationic surfactants, cationic pharmaceuticals, cationic dyestuffs, pesticides, fungicides and agricultural chemicals.
制备具有以下结构式的四元吡啶化合物的方法##STR1##其中R代表烷基,##STR2##其中A为苯基、萘基、羟基苯基、吡唑啉基及其取代衍生物,其中取代基选自由1至4个碳原子的烷基、NO.sub.2、Cl、Br、苯基、硝基苯基和甲磺酸甲基组成的群;B为-O-烷基-、##STR3##C选自氢、NHCOR.sub.1的群,当B为-O-烷基时,C也可以是--OR.sub.2--,其中R.sub.1为1至4个碳原子的烷基,R.sub.2为1至4个碳原子的烷基;R.sub.4代表1至6个碳原子的低烷基、卤代苯基、烷基苯基或萘基,m表示1或2的整数,m'等于m。上述特定化合物的制备过程包括接触吡啶和具有以下结构式的含羟基化合物:R'--(OH).sub.n其中R'代表烷基,##STR4##其中A'为苯基、萘基、羟基苯基、吡唑啉基及其取代衍生物,其中取代基选自由1至4个碳原子的烷基、NO.sub.2、Cl、Br、苯基、硝基苯基和羟基;B、C、R.sub.1和R.sub.2如上定义;n为1或2的整数,等于上述定义的m;在含有具有以下结构式的磺酰卤化合物的存在下,反应吡啶和所述含羟基化合物:R.sub.4 SO.sub.2 X其中R.sub.4如上定义,X为Cl、Br或F;并在反应混合物的沸腾温度以下的升高温度下进行反应。四元吡啶化合物可用于制备阳离子表面活性剂、阳离子药物、阳离子染料、杀虫剂、杀菌剂和农药。