制备了一系列因其不同的电子和空间特性而选择的三唑鎓盐,并使用包围指示剂方法在DMSO中于25°C下测定了其p K a值。各系统的结构变化在所述三唑阳离子的酸性的效果已被认为,特别是检查系统改变电子性质,通过使用量化哈米特的效果σ参数。还报道了产生中性卡宾的偶氮盐的第一个p K a值。这些新数据允许选择适当的碱基,以使这种三唑鎓盐去质子化,并具有使p K a相关的潜力。 本文通过相应的羧苯甲酸酯的亲核性确定的值。
Equilibrium acidities and homolytic bond dissociation energies of the acidic carbon-hydrogen bonds in N-substituted trimethylammonium and pyridinium cations
作者:Xian Man Zhang、Frederick G. Bordwell、Michael Van Der Puy、Herbert E. Fried
DOI:10.1021/jo00063a026
日期:1993.5
Equilibrium acidities (pK(HA)s) of the cations in sixteen N-substituted trimethylammonium salts, one N-phenacylquinuclidinium salt, eight N-substituted pyridinium salts, and N-(ethoxycarbonyl)isoquinolinium bromide, together with the oxidation potentials of their conjugate bases, have been determined in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution. The acidifying effects of the alpha-trimethylammonium groups (alpha-Me3N+) and the alpha-pyridinium groups (alpha-PyN+) on the adjacent acidic C-H bonds in these cations were found to average about 10 and 18 pK(HA) units, respectively, in DMSO. The homolytic bond dissociation energies of the acidic C-H bonds in these cations, estimated by the combination of the equilibrium acidities with the oxidation potentials of their corresponding conjugate bases (ylides), show that the alpha-trimethylammonium groups destabilize adjacent radicals by 2-6 kcal/mol, whereas alpha-pyridinium groups stabilize adjacent radicals by 3-6 kcal/mol. The effects of alpha-pyridinium groups on the stabilization energies of the radicals derived from these cations were found to be ca. 4-10 kcal/mol smaller than those of the corresponding phenyl groups, whereas their effects on the equilibrium acidities of the cations were 5.4-13.1 pK(HA) units larger. The pK(HA) value of tetramethylammonium cation (Me4N+) was estimated by extrapolation to be about 42 in DMSO.
The Michael Condensation of Fluorene with Unsaturated Compounds