Cyclization by Intramolecular Carbolithiation of Alkyl- and Vinyllithiums Prepared by Reductive Lithiation: Surprising Stereochemistry in the Lithium Oxyanion Accelerated Cyclization
作者:Kai Deng、Ahlem Bensari、Theodore Cohen
DOI:10.1021/ja027988c
日期:2002.10.1
yield cyclopentylmethyllithiums by unconjugated organolithiums is greatly increased (1) by generating the organolithiums by reductive lithiation of phenyl thioethers with aromatic radical anions and (2) by using allylic or homoallylic alcohol groups on the receiving alkene. This type of reductive lithiation allows virtually any kind of organolithium to be generated, usually in a connective manner.
Intramolecular ketyl-olefin cyclization mediated by magnesium metal
作者:Ge Hyeong Lee、Sung Jin Ha、In Kwon Yoon、Chwang Siek Pak
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(99)00252-x
日期:1999.3
Ketones tethered to carbon-carbon multiple bonds at delta-position are treated with magnesium metal to provide cyclized products which stem from addition of ketyl radical to olefinic or acetylenic bonds. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Samarium(II) iodide-induced reductive cyclization of unactivated olefinic ketones. Sequential radical cyclization/intermolecular nucleophilic addition and substitution reactions
作者:Gary A. Molander、Jeffrey A. McKie
DOI:10.1021/jo00037a033
日期:1992.5
Samarium(II) iodide in the presence of HMPA effectively promotes the intramolecular coupling of unactivated olefinic ketones by a reductive ketyl-olefin radical-cyclization process. The reaction is quite general for the formation of 5- and 6-membered carbocycles and even provides modest yields in less facile cyclization processes as evidenced by the generation of methylcyclooctanol via an 8-endo cyclization. Sequential radical cyclization-intermolecular nucleophilic addition/substitution processes set the SmI2 reaction apart from its radical-chain, photochemical, and electrochemical counterparts. In addition to delineating the synthetic potential of this reaction, the role played by HMPA in enhancing SmI2 reactivity has been further refined, and a model correlating the high diastereoselectivity and product distribution in SmI2-promoted reductive coupling processes with HMPA concentration has been established.
Cyclization by Intramolecular Carbolithiation of Alkyl- and Vinyllithiums Prepared by the Action of Aromatic Radical Anions on Phenyl Thioethers. High Stereoselectivity in the Cyclization Accelerated by an Allylic Lithium Oxyanion<sup>1</sup>
The reductivelithiation of alkyl and vinyl phenyl thioethers by aromaticradicalanions is shown to be the most general method yet known for preparing organolithiums capable of intramolecular carbometalation of unactivated alkenes to produce five-membered rings and in one case a four-membered ring (in a far higher yield than known cases). The relative rates of cyclization for alkyllithiums are secondary