3,4-dihydroxy-4-(4-nitro-phenyl)-butan-2-one

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 英文名称: 3,4-dihydroxy-4-(4-nitro-phenyl)-butan-2-one
• 英文别名: 3,4-dihydroxy-4-(4-nitrophenyl)butan-2-one
• 化学式: C₁₀H₁₁NO₅
• 分子量: 225.201
• InChiKey: GTMONXUDXSKDCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  0
• 重原子数：
  16
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.3
• 拓扑面积：
  103
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  5

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  1-(4'-硝基苯基)-1-羟基-5-甲氧基-3-戊酮 在 phosphate buffered saline 、 84G₃ aldolase antibody 作用下， 以 水 、 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 、 乙腈 为溶剂， 生成 3,4-dihydroxy-4-(4-nitro-phenyl)-butan-2-one
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Unusual reversal of regioselectivity in antibody-mediated aldol additions with unsymmetrical methyl ketones

  摘要：

  A catalytic regio- and enantioselective aldol reaction of various unsymmetrical methyl ketones with para-nitrobenzaldehyde has been developed using aldolase antibodies as the catalysts. It has been found that the sense and level of regioselectivity for the reactions catalysed by antibody 38C2 and 33F12 are highly dependent on the structure of both the donor and the acceptor but in contrast, antibodies 84G3 and 93F3 catalyse the exclusive formation of the linear regioisomer independent of the structure of the reactants examined. The level of enantiocontrol is very high for most reactions. Both linear aldol enantiomers could be accessed through aldol or retro-aldol reactions using the same antibody. Theoretical studies on regioisomeric alpha- and beta-heteroatom substituted enamines derived from unsymmetrical ketones suggest that most of the linear aldol products formed in the presence of antibodies 84G3 and 93F3 must be formed from intermediate enamines which are not the thermodynamically most favourable. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.tet.2003.10.115

文献信息

• Direct organocatalytic aldol reactions in buffered aqueous media
  作者：Armando Córdova、Wolfgang Notz、Carlos F. Barbas III

  DOI：10.1039/b207664k

  日期：——

  Organocatalytic cross-aldol reactions catalyzed by cyclic secondary amines in aqueous media provide a direct route to a variety of aldols including carbohydrate derivatives and may warrant consideration as a prebiotic route to sugars.

  在水性介质中由环状仲胺催化的有机催化交叉醛醇缩合反应提供了直接通往包括糖类衍生物在内的各种醛醇缩合的途径，并可能被认为是糖类的益生元途径。
• Chiral Primary−Tertiary Diamine Catalysts Derived From Natural Amino Acids for <i>syn</i>-Aldol Reactions of Hydroxy Ketones
  作者：Jiuyuan Li、Sanzhong Luo、Jin-Pei Cheng

  DOI：10.1021/jo802557p

  日期：2009.2.20

  A series of primary-tertiary diamine catalysts were designed and synthesized from primary natural amino acids. Application of these new chiral catalysts in direct aldol reactions of α-hydroxyketones showed very good catalytic activity (up to 97% yield) and high syn selectivity (up to syn/ anti = 30:1, 99% ee).

  从伯天然氨基酸设计合成了一系列伯叔二胺催化剂。这些新的手性催化剂在α-羟基酮的直接醛醇缩合反应中的应用显示出非常好的催化活性（高达97％的收率）和高的合成选择性（高达syn / anti = 30：1，99％ee）。
• <i>N</i>-Primary-Amine-Terminal β-Turn Tetrapeptides as Organocatalysts for Highly Enantioselective Aldol Reaction
  作者：Feng-Chun Wu、Chao-Shan Da、Zhi-Xue Du、Qi-Peng Guo、Wei-Ping Li、Lei Yi、Ya-Ning Jia、Xiao Ma

  DOI：10.1021/jo9005766

  日期：2009.7.3

  solution. They were first applied to catalyze aldol reactions, and were found to be effective catalysts for the transformations. The tetrapeptide Val-d-Pro-Gly-Leu-OH (1g) was the optimal organocatalyst. It was shown that the intensive β-turn conformation, indicated by CD and NOESY spectra, contributed to the (R)-aldol and high enantioselectivity of the reaction of acetone in MeOH, whereas the sharply varied

  设计并合成了四肽，该四肽包含一个终止的伯胺和构象受限的d -Pro-Gly或d -Pro-Aib（2-氨基异丁酸）链段作为强β-转核元素，并通过N-模块二肽与溶液中的C模块二肽。它们首先被用于催化羟醛反应，并被发现是有效的转化催化剂。四肽Val- d -Pro-Gly-Leu-OH（1g）是最佳的有机催化剂。结果表明，在密集的β转角构象，通过CD和NOESY光谱表明，促成了（ř）-丙酮中的丙酮反应具有较高的对映选择性，而急剧变化的构象应有助于1,2-二氯乙烷（DCE）中反应的低对映选择性和（S）产物。羟基丙酮反应中的不对称诱导不受溶剂的影响，在MeCN中添加1克添加剂（S）-BINOL可达到主要的反产物。
• Small peptides as modular catalysts for the direct asymmetric aldol reaction: ancient peptides with aldolase enzyme activity
  作者：Weibiao Zou、Ismail Ibrahem、Pawel Dziedzic、Henrik Sundén、Armando Córdova

  DOI：10.1039/b509920j

  日期：——

  Simple peptides and their analogues having a primary amino group as the catalytic residue mediate the direct asymmetric intermolecular aldol reaction with high stereoselectivity and furnish the corresponding aldol products with up to 99% ee; this intrinsic ability of highly modular peptides may explain the initial molecular evolution of aldolase enzymes.

  具有作为催化残基的主氨基的简单肽及其类似物，能以高立体选择性促进直接的不对称分子间醛醇反应，并生成最高达99% 对映体过量值的相应醛醇产物；这种高度模块化肽的内在能力可能解释了醛缩酶酶的初始分子进化过程。
• (2S,4R)-Hyp-(S)-Phe-OMe dipeptide supported on imidazolium tagged molecules as recoverable organocatalysts for asymmetric aldol reactions using water as reaction medium
  作者：Arturo Obregón-Zúñiga、Eusebio Juaristi

  DOI：10.1016/j.tet.2017.07.037

  日期：2017.9

  evaluated as organocatalysts in the asymmetric aldol reaction using water as solvent. It was found that catalysts incorporating the hexanoyl linker are active down to 5 mol% and afford aldol products with up to 94% yield, up to 98:2 dr and up to 97:3 er. This chiral imidazolium catalyst was reused up to 6 times without any loss in the stereoselectivity of asymmetric aldol reactions. By contrast, organocatalysts

  制备了由二肽（2 S，4 R）-Hyp-（S）-Phe-OMe衍生的四个新型手性咪唑标记的分子，并以水为溶剂在不对称醛醇缩合反应中作为有机催化剂进行了评估。发现掺入己酰基连接基的催化剂在低至5mol％时是有活性的，并以最高94％的收率，最高98：2 dr和最高97：3 er提供醛醇产物。该手性咪唑鎓催化剂可重复使用多达6次，而且不对称醛醇缩合反应的立体选择性没有任何损失。相比之下，含有乙酰基连接基的有机催化剂在质子溶剂中证明是高度不稳定的，因此不能回收再利用。