Thermal decomposition of lanthanide(III) and y(III) 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoates
摘要:
Complexes of lanthanides(III) (La - Lu) and Y(III) with 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid (gallic acid) were obtained and their thermal decomposition, IR spectra and solubility in water have been investigated. When heated, the complexes with a general formula Ln(C7H5O5)(C7H4O5) . nH(2)O (n = 2 for La-Ho and Y: n= 0 for Er - Lu) lose their crystallization water and decompose to the oxides Ln(2)O(3), CeO2, Pr6O11, and Tb4O7, except of lanthanum and neodymium complexes, which additionally form stable oxocarbonates such as Ln(2)O(2)CO(3). The complexes are sparingly soluble in water (0.3 . 10(-5) - 8.3 . 10(-4) mol dm(-3)).
Method for emplacement of a gelatinous foam in gas flooding enhanced recovery
申请人:UNION OIL COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA
公开号:EP0212671A2
公开(公告)日:1987-03-04
The permeability of higher permeability zones of a subterranean reservoir of heterogeneous permeability is reduced by injecting (1) an aqueous solution of a crosslinkable water-soluble polymer, a material capable under certain conditions of at least partially crosslinking the polymer to form a gelatinous precipitate, a water-soluble alkaline material in an amount sufficient to maintain the pH of the aqueous solution above the pH at which crosslinking occurs until the composition has passed a desired distance through the reservoir, and a water-soluble surface active agent; and (2) a gas mixture comprising an acid gas. A gelatinous foam forms in situ useful for blocking escape of fluids, both gaseous and liquid, into the higher permeability zones of the reservoir during enhanced recovery, typically by carbon dioxide flooding. The polymer-surfactant solution and the gas mixture can be injected in alternating slugs to enhance formation of the gelatinous foam and to allow for plugging of higher permeability zones progressively encountered during recovery operations.
An encoded microparticle, methods for using the same in bioassays, and a method of making the same are provided herein.
本文提供了一种编码微粒、在生物测定中使用编码微粒的方法以及制作编码微粒的方法。
Composition for film formation, method of film formation, and silica-based film
申请人:JSR CORPORATION
公开号:US20030091838A1
公开(公告)日:2003-05-15
A composition for film formation which comprises:
(A) a product of hydrolysis and condensation obtained by hydrolyzing and condensing at least one silane compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the formula (1), compounds represented by the formula (2), and compounds represented by the formula (3) in the presence of water and an ammonium compound, and
(B) an organic solvent.