A simple but novel class of hydrogenbonding liquid crystalline benzoic acids with alkylthio (or alkylsulfanyl; SR) groups was established. In general, although it is difficult for laterally non-substituted rod-like molecules with an alkylthio group to form some mesophases, the present molecules exclusively form a nematic (N) regime, owing to spontaneous carboxylic dimerization. It was found that the