The multifactorial nature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) calls for the development of multitarget agents addressing key pathogenic processes. A total of 26 Claulansine F–donepezil hybrids were designed and synthesized as multitarget drugs. Among these compounds, six compounds exhibited excellent acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) 1.63–4.62 μM). Moreover, (E)-3-(8-(tert-Butyl)-3,3-dimethyl-3,11-dihydropyrano[3,2-a]carbazol-5-yl)-N-((1-(2-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)methyl)acrylamide (6bd) exhibited better neuroprotective effects against OGD/R (oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation) than lead compound Claulansine F. Furthermore, 6bd could cross the blood–brain barrier in vitro. More importantly, compared to edaravone, 6bd had stronger free-radical scavenging activity. Molecular docking studies revealed that 6bd could interact with the catalytic active site of AChE. All of these outstanding in vitro results indicate 6bd as a leading structure worthy of further investigation.
阿尔茨海默病(AD)的多因素性质需要开发多靶点药物,以应对关键的病理过程。总共设计和合成了26种Claulansine F-donepezil杂合物作为多靶点药物。在这些化合物中,有六种表现出优秀的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)抑制活性(半最大抑制浓度(IC50)为1.63-4.62μM)。此外,(E)-3-(8-(叔丁基)-3,3-二甲基-3,11-二氢吡喃[3,2-a]咔唑-5-基)-N-((1-(2-氯苯甲基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)丙烯酰胺(6bd)对OGD/R(氧-葡萄糖剥夺/再氧化)表现出比Claulansine F更好的神经保护作用。此外,6bd在体外可以穿越血脑屏障。更重要的是,与雷达伏酮相比,6bd具有更强的自由基清除活性。分子对接研究揭示了6bd可以与AChE的催化活性位点相互作用。所有这些出色的体外结果表明6bd作为一个值得进一步研究的领先结构。