Redox-active dinitrodiphenylthioethers against Leishmania: Synthesis, structure–activity relationships and mechanism of action studies
摘要:
BTB 06237 (2-[(2,4-dichloro-5-methylphenyl)sulfanyl]-1,3-dinitro-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzene), a compound previously identified through QSAR pharmacophore development and a virtual screen of the May-bridge database, possesses potent and selective activity against Leishmania parasites. In the present study, several analogs of BTB 06237 were synthesized and analyzed for activity against Leishmania axenic amastigotes, their ability to reduce the level of parasitemia in peritoneal macrophages, and their ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in L. donovani promastigotes. It was found that an aromatic ring must be present in the position occupied by the 2,4-dichloro-5-methylphenyl group in the lead compound, but changing the functional groups generally has little effect on the antileishmanial potency. Alterations to the 1,3-dinitro-5-(trifluoromethyl) benzene ring have more influence on antiparasitic activity with two aromatic nitro groups and a third electron-withdrawing group being required. This structural requirement corresponds with redox potential, the ability to generate ROS in the parasites, and dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Finally, we used this collection of data to design a new antileishmanial compound with strong activity in vitro and improved properties as an antileishmanial candidate. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Bei dem Verfahren zur Herstellung von aromatischen, heteroaromatischen oder Farbstoff-Disulfiden durch Reduktion der entsprechenden Sulfochloride mit lodwasserstoffsäure oder mit lodwasserstoffsäure liefernden Substanzen in Gegenwart von Reduktionsmitteln, die lod in lodwasserstoffsäure überführen, wird die Reaktion in einem aus Wasser und einer organischen Phase bestehenden 2-Phasensystem in Gegenwart eines Phasentransferkatalysators durchgeführt.
Bauer, Wolfgang, Phosphorus, Sulfur and Silicon and the Related Elements, 1994, vol. 96, # 1-4, p. 493 - 494
作者:Bauer, Wolfgang
DOI:——
日期:——
Redox-active dinitrodiphenylthioethers against Leishmania: Synthesis, structure–activity relationships and mechanism of action studies
作者:Dawn A. Delfín、Rachel E. Morgan、Xiaohua Zhu、Karl A. Werbovetz
DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2008.11.031
日期:2009.1
BTB 06237 (2-[(2,4-dichloro-5-methylphenyl)sulfanyl]-1,3-dinitro-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzene), a compound previously identified through QSAR pharmacophore development and a virtual screen of the May-bridge database, possesses potent and selective activity against Leishmania parasites. In the present study, several analogs of BTB 06237 were synthesized and analyzed for activity against Leishmania axenic amastigotes, their ability to reduce the level of parasitemia in peritoneal macrophages, and their ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in L. donovani promastigotes. It was found that an aromatic ring must be present in the position occupied by the 2,4-dichloro-5-methylphenyl group in the lead compound, but changing the functional groups generally has little effect on the antileishmanial potency. Alterations to the 1,3-dinitro-5-(trifluoromethyl) benzene ring have more influence on antiparasitic activity with two aromatic nitro groups and a third electron-withdrawing group being required. This structural requirement corresponds with redox potential, the ability to generate ROS in the parasites, and dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Finally, we used this collection of data to design a new antileishmanial compound with strong activity in vitro and improved properties as an antileishmanial candidate. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.