The novel dimerisation of radical anions generated electrochemically in aqueous solution from maleimide
作者:R.G. Barradas、S.L. Gust、J.D. Porter
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(01)82986-5
日期:1981.1
The one-electron reduction of maleimide yields the novel compound 1,2,3,4-butane-tetracarboxylic 1,2:3,4 diimide exclusively. Substrate-substrate hydrogen bonding was found to have a profound influence upon the pathways and kinetics of this unusual reaction.
In the field of lubricating compositions for motor vehicles, there is disclosed a lubricating composition of a grade according to the SAEJ300 classification defined by the formula (X) W (Y) wherein X represents 0 or 5 and Y represents an integer ranging from 4 to 20. This lubricating composition includes at least one polyalphaolefinic oil (PAO), from 10 to 80% by weight of the composition of at least one oil of group V and at least one comb polymer. Also isclosed is the use of this lubricating composition for improving the Fuel Eco (FE) of a lubricant or for reducing the fuel consumption of an engine, in particular a motor vehicle engine, notably a motor of a hybrid vehicle.
在机动车润滑组合物领域,公开了一种符合 SAEJ300 分类的润滑组合物,其等级由式 (X) W (Y) 定义,其中 X 代表 0 或 5,Y 代表 4 至 20 之间的整数。这种润滑组合物包括至少一种聚α烯烃油(PAO)、按重量计占组合物 10%至 80%的至少一种 V 组油和至少一种梳状聚合物。此外,还公开了这种润滑油组合物用于改善润滑油的燃油经济性(FE)或降低发动机(尤其是机动车发动机,特别是混合动力汽车的发动机)的耗油量。
Modifiable polyunsaturated polymers and processes for their preparation
申请人:Parthiban Anbanandam
公开号:US20060189774A1
公开(公告)日:2006-08-24
The present invention relates to modifiable linear polyunsaturated polymers and processes for preparing the same comprising reacting solely at least one bifunctional nucleophilic compound with at least one α-functional unsaturated monomer. The at least one bifunctional nucleophilic compound of the invention comprises two nucleophiles independently selected from the group consisting of C, N, O, S and Se. The at least one α-functional unsaturated monomer of the invention comprises two leaving groups L
1
and L
2
, wherein at least one of the leaving groups L
1
and L
2
of the at least one α-functional unsaturated monomer is part of the nonaromatic unsaturated structure C═C—C
α
-L. The double bond of said α-functional unsaturated monomer is maintained in the polyunsaturated polymer.
本发明涉及可改性线性多不饱和聚合物以及制备该聚合物的工艺,包括仅使至少一种双官能团亲核化合物与至少一种α官能团不饱和单体反应。本发明的至少一种双官能团亲核化合物包括两个独立选自 C、N、O、S 和 Se 组的亲核物。本发明的至少一种 α-官能团不饱和单体包括两个离去基团 L
1
和 L
2
其中至少一个离去基团 L
1
和 L
2
的至少一个离去基团 L 1 和 L 2 是非芳香族不饱和结构 C═C-C
α
-L.所述 α-官能团不饱和单体的双键保留在多不饱和聚合物中。
Modified succinimides for use in lubricating oils and hydrocarbon fuels