苯肼乙酸盐(1:1) | 72358-76-0

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 中文名称: 苯肼乙酸盐(1:1)
• 英文名称: phenylhydrazine acetate
• 英文别名: Phenyl-hydrazin; Acetat；Phenylhydrazinium acetate；amino(phenyl)azanium;acetate
• CAS: 72358-76-0
• 化学式: C₂H₄O₂*C₆H₈N₂
• 分子量: 168.195
• InChiKey: OTIKYRVPXSEIPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.06
• 重原子数：
  12
• 可旋转键数：
  1
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.12
• 拓扑面积：
  75.4
• 氢给体数：
  3
• 氢受体数：
  4

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  苯肼乙酸盐(1:1) 生成 1-乙酰基-2-苯基肼
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Authenrieth, Chemische Berichte, vol. 34, p. 173

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为试剂：
  描述：

  菲醌 在 乙醇 、 苯肼乙酸盐(1:1) 作用下， 生成 9,10-菲氢醌
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Schmidt,J.; Kaempf, Chemische Berichte, 1902, vol. 35, p. 3126

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• The Effect of a Losartan-Based Treatment Regimen on Isolated Systolic Hypertension
  作者：William C. Cushman、William E. Brady、Lisa P. Gazdick、Robert K. Zeldin

  DOI：10.1111/j.1524-6175.2001.01481.x

  日期：2002.3

  This study was conducted to compare the antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability, over 12 weeks, of a losartan‐based treatment regimen and placebo in patients with isolated systolic hypertension. Three hundred eight patients ≥35 years of age with isolated systolic hypertension, defined as trough sitting blood pressure between 140 and 200 mm Hg systolic and between 70 and 89 mm Hg diastolic, were randomized to losartan 50 mg (n=157) or placebo (n=151) once daily, with titration as necessary to achieve a goal trough sitting systolic blood pressure (SBP) <140 mm Hg. At baseline, mean trough sitting SBP was 140–159 mm Hg in 20.5% of patients, 160–179 mm Hg in 62.7%, and 180–200 mm Hg in 16.9%, and was similar in the two groups (losartan, 165.3 mm Hg; placebo, 166.1 mm Hg). At 12 weeks, mean trough sitting SBP decreased significantly (p<0.001) in both the losartan‐based treatment group (by 19.2 mm Hg) and in the placebo group (by 7.6 mm Hg). The reduction in sitting SBP was significantly greater for losartan than placebo (−11.6 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval, −14.8 to −8.4). In patients with isolated systolic hypertension, a once‐daily losartan‐based treatment regimen significantly lowered SBP. The losartan‐based regimen exhibited antihypertensive efficacy that was superior to that of placebo, with a similar tolerability profile.

  本研究旨在比较氯沙坦为基础的治疗方案与安慰剂在孤立性收缩期高血压患者中，12周内的抗高血压疗效及耐受性。纳入标准为35岁及以上，孤立性收缩期高血压患者，定义为坐位谷值血压收缩压在140至200 mm Hg之间，舒张压在70至89 mm Hg之间。308名患者按1:1随机分配至氯沙坦50 mg组（n=157）或安慰剂组（n=151），每日一次，根据需要调整剂量以达到目标坐位谷值收缩压（SBP）<140 mm Hg。基线时，20.5%患者的坐位谷值SBP为140–159 mm Hg，62.7%为160–179 mm Hg，16.9%为180–200 mm Hg，两组基线SBP相似（氯沙坦组165.3 mm Hg，安慰剂组166.1 mm Hg）。12周时，两组的坐位谷值SBP均显著降低（p<0.001），氯沙坦组降低19.2 mm Hg，安慰剂组降低7.6 mm Hg。与安慰剂相比，氯沙坦的坐位SBP降低幅度显著更大（−11.6 mm Hg；95%置信区间，−14.8至−8.4）。在孤立性收缩期高血压患者中，每日一次的氯沙坦为基础的治疗方案显著降低SBP。氯沙坦为基础的方案在抗高血压疗效上优于安慰剂，且耐受性相似。
• A chemo- and regiocontrolled approach to bipyrazoles and pyridones<i>via</i>the reaction of ethyl 5-acyl-4-pyrone-2-carboxylates with hydrazines
  作者：D. L. Obydennov、L. R. Khammatova、O. S. Eltsov、V. Y. Sosnovskikh

  DOI：10.1039/c7ob02725g

  日期：——

  Chemo- and regiocontrolled syntheses of pyrazoles and pyridones are presented on the basis of 4-pyrones. A novel approach towards highly functionalized 3,4′-bipyrazoles has been developed by using reactions of ethyl 5-acylcomanoates with hydrazines. The acid-promoted double cyclocondensation allows switching of the structure of the pyrazole rings easily through changing both the nature of hydrazine

  吡唑和吡啶酮的化学和区域控制合成以4-吡喃酮为基础。通过使用5-酰基马来酸乙酯与肼的反应，已经开发出一种新的方法来制备高度官能化的3,4'-联吡唑。酸促进的双环缩合允许通过改变肼的性质和反应条件两者而容易地切换吡唑环的结构。在-20°C的乙醇中，苯肼将4-吡喃酮转化，生成羟基吡啶酮作为单加成产物，可用作制备吡啶酮和吡唑衍生物的前体。发现了在DMSO中2-羟基吡啶酮向吡唑基-1,3-二酮的新型重排。联吡唑的结构和区域化学通过X射线分析和2D NMR实验证实。
• What Women and Men Should Be, Shouldn't be, are Allowed to be, and don't Have to Be: The Contents of Prescriptive Gender Stereotypes
  作者：Deborah A. Prentice、Erica Carranza

  DOI：10.1111/1471-6402.t01-1-00066

  日期：2002.12

  This article presents a four-category framework to characterize the contents of prescriptive gender stereotypes. The framework distinguishes between prescriptions and proscriptions that are intensified by virtue of one's gender, and those that are relaxed by virtue of one's gender. Two studies examined the utility of this framework for characterizing prescriptive gender stereotypes in American society (Study 1) and in the highly masculine context of Princeton University (Study 2). The results demonstrated the persistence of traditional gender prescriptions in both contexts, but also revealed distinct areas of societal vigilance and leeway for each gender. In addition, they showed that women are seen more positively, relative to societal standards, than are men. We consider the implications of this framework for research on reactions to gender stereotype deviants and sex discrimination.

  本文提出了一个四类框架，用于描述规范性性别刻板印象的内容。该框架区分了因为一个人的性别而加强的规定和禁忌，以及因为一个人的性别而放松的规定和禁忌。两项研究考察了这个框架在美国社会（第一项研究）和普林斯顿大学这个高度男性化的环境中（第二项研究）描述规范性性别刻板印象的效用。结果显示了传统性别规定在两个环境中的持续存在，但也揭示了每种性别在社会警惕和宽容方面的明显区别。此外，结果表明相对于社会标准，女性被看待得更积极，而男性则相反。我们考虑了这个框架对于研究对性别刻板印象异类和性别歧视反应的影响。
• Is it possible to decrease antibiotic prescribing in primary care? An analysis of outcomes in the management of patients with sore throats
  作者：C. M Cox、M. Jones

  DOI：10.1093/fampra/18.1.9

  日期：2001.1.1

  Objectives. The aim of this study was to assess whether it was possible to change clinical practice through the introduction of an evidence-based protocol for the management of sore throats. The impact of the changed clinical practice on patients was also assessed.Method. An observational study was carried out comparing management of patients with sore throats in a semi-rural general practice (14 000 patients), before and after the introduction of an evidence-based protocol, using a multidisciplinary approach. All patients over the age of 2 years presenting with sore throats as their chief presenting complaint were included in the study which ran for two 6-month periods: February–July 1997 (n = 435) and February–July 1998 (n = 350). Antibiotic prescribing rates, consultation and reconsultation rates, duration of sore throat, analgesia requirements and satisfaction were assessed.Results. Antibiotic prescribing was significantly reduced in period 2 (56% compared with 19%). Consultation rates decreased by 19% in period 2. Median number of days to recovery of sore throats was the same in both groups. Reconsultation rates and dissatisfaction rates were the same in both groups.Conclusion. Using a multidisciplinary approach, it is possible to reduce antibiotic prescribing for sore throats significantly without adversely affecting outcome.

  研究目的本研究旨在评估通过引入循证方案治疗喉咙痛是否有可能改变临床实践。研究还评估了改变临床实践对患者的影响。我们开展了一项观察性研究，比较了一家半农村全科诊所（14000 名患者）在引入循证方案前后采用多学科方法对喉咙痛患者的治疗情况。所有以喉咙痛为主要主诉的 2 岁以上患者都被纳入了这项为期两个 6 个月的研究：研究为期 6 个月，分别为 1997 年 2 月至 7 月（435 人）和 1998 年 2 月至 7 月（350 人）。对抗生素处方率、就诊率和复诊率、咽痛持续时间、镇痛要求和满意度进行了评估。结果发现，抗生素处方在第二阶段明显减少（56% 对 19%）。第二阶段的复诊率下降了 19%。两组的咽喉痛康复天数中位数相同。两组的复诊率和不满意率相同。采用多学科方法可以显著减少喉咙痛的抗生素处方，而不会对治疗效果产生不利影响。
• PREPARATION OF SOME NEW BRANCHED-CHAIN CARBOHYDRATES FROM<scp>D</scp>-α-FRUCTOHEPTONIC LACTONE
  作者：R. J. Woods、A. C. Neish

  DOI：10.1139/v54-053

  日期：1954.4.1

  D-α-Fructoheptonic lactone (I) was oxidized with an equimolar amount of periodic acid to give formaldehyde and a hexuronic lactone (II) which was hydrolyzed to crystalline 4-C-hydroxymethyl-L-xyluronic acid (III), (68% yield). Hydrogenation of III gave an aldonic acid which was isolated as crystalline 2-C-hydroxymethyl-L-xylonic lactone (V). Reduction of V by sodium amalgam gave 2-C-hydroxymethyl-D-xylose

  D-α-果庚糖内酯（I）用等摩尔量的高碘酸氧化得到甲醛和己糖醛酸内酯（II），后者水解为结晶 4-C-羟甲基-L-木糖醛酸（III），（68%屈服）。III的氢化得到醛糖酸，其作为结晶2-C-羟甲基-L-木糖酸内酯(V)被分离。用钠汞齐还原 V 得到 2-C-羟甲基-D-木糖 (VI)，纯化后结晶为 2,5-二氯苯腙。VI的氢化得到1，1-二(C-羟甲基)-D-苏糖醇(VII)，将其纯化为结晶六乙酸酯。III 用甲醇氯化氢处理得到玻璃状物质，将其用硼氢化钠还原并用盐酸水解得到 4,4-二(C-羟甲基)-D-苏糖 (IX)，其被分离并表征为结晶 2,5-二氯苯腙。III 被溴或硝酸氧化得到 2-C-羟甲基-D-木糖二酸 (IV)，其表征为晶体...

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