天然来源类抗肿瘤药
天然来源类抗肿瘤药物
天然来源类抗肿瘤药物是指从植物、微生物等自然界的生物中提取或通过化学修饰得到的一类具有抗肿瘤活性的化合物。这类药物因其独特的结构和作用机制，在肿瘤治疗领域占据重要地位。以下是一些常见的天然来源类抗肿瘤药物：
1. 银杏内酯银杏属植物含有多种生物碱，其中银杏内酯是重要的抗癌成分之一。它们能够通过诱导癌细胞凋亡、抑制血管生成等多种途径发挥抗肿瘤作用。
2. 喜树碱及其衍生物喜树碱是从红豆杉科植物中发现的一类天然产物，具有很强的抗肿瘤活性。其衍生物依托泊苷（Etoposide）已经被广泛用于临床治疗多种癌症。
3. 青蒿素青蒿素是从黄花蒿中提取的一种抗疟疾药物，但研究显示它也具有一定的抗癌效果。通过抑制癌细胞生长、促进凋亡等方式发挥作用。
4. 依托咪酯依托咪酯来源于植物，是一种潜在的新型抗肿瘤药物候选物。目前研究表明其对某些类型的癌症细胞有较好的抑制作用。
5. 穿心莲内酯穿心莲是传统中药之一，含有多种生物活性成分，如穿心莲内酯。它已被证实具有显著的抗癌活性，能够调节信号通路、诱导癌细胞凋亡等机制发挥作用。
天然来源类抗肿瘤药物因其独特的化学结构和多样的作用模式，在临床治疗中展现出独特的优势与潜力。随着研究深入和技术进步，未来可能会发现更多有效的天然产物用于癌症治疗。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| —— | methyl (10S,11R,12R)-11-acetyloxy-12-ethyl-4-[(13S,15S,17S)-17-ethyl-17-hydroxy-13-methoxycarbonyl-1,11-diazatetracyclo[13.3.1.04,12.05,10]nonadeca-4(12),5,7,9-tetraen-13-yl]-8-formyl-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.01,9.02,7.016,19]nonadeca-2,4,6,13-tetraene-10-carboxylate | 57-22-7 | C46H56N4O10 |
|
| —— | methyl (1R,10S,12R)-11-acetyloxy-12-ethyl-4-[(13S,17S)-17-ethyl-17-hydroxy-13-methoxycarbonyl-1,11-diazatetracyclo[13.3.1.04,12.05,10]nonadeca-4(12),5,7,9-tetraen-13-yl]-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-8-methyl-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.01,9.02,7.016,19]nonadeca-2,4,6,13-tetraene-10-carboxylate;sulfuric acid | 143-67-9 | C46H58N4O9.H2O4S |
|
| —— | Monocrotaline | 315-22-0 | C16H23NO6 |
|
| —— | Methyl (1R,10S,11R,12R,19R)-11-acetyloxy-12-ethyl-4-[(13S)-17-ethyl-17-hydroxy-13-methoxycarbonyl-1,11-diazatetracyclo[13.3.1.04,12.05,10]nonadeca-4(12),5,7,9-tetraen-13-yl]-8-formyl-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.01,9.02,7.016,19]nonadeca-2,4,6,13-tetraene-10-carboxylate;sulfuric acid | 2068-78-2 | C46H58N4O14S |
|
| —— | 3-{1-[2-(Aminomethyl)-1,3-thiazol-4-YL]prop-1-EN-2-YL}-7,11-dihydroxy-8,8,10,12,16-pentamethyl-4,17-dioxabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadecane-5,9-dione | 280578-49-6 | C27H42N2O6S |
|
| —— | methyl (9R,10S,11R,12R,19R)-11-acetyloxy-12-ethyl-4-[(13S,15R,17S)-17-ethyl-17-hydroxy-13-methoxycarbonyl-1,11-diazatetracyclo[13.3.1.04,12.05,10]nonadeca-4(12),5,7,9-tetraen-13-yl]-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-8-methyl-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.01,9.02,7.016,19]nonadeca-2,4,6,13-tetraene-10-carboxylate;sulfuric acid | 143-67-9 | C46H58N4O9.H2O4S |
|
| —— | (4S,7R,8S,9S,13Z,16S)-4,8-Dihydroxy-5,5,7,9,13-pentamethyl-16-[(1E)-1-methyl-2-(2-methyl-4-thiazolyl)ethenyl]oxacyclohexadec-13-ene-2,6-dione | 189453-10-9 | C27H41NO5S |
|
| —— | (4S,7R,8S,9S,16S)-4,8-dihydroxy-5,5,7,9,13-pentamethyl-16-[1-(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)prop-1-en-2-yl]-1-oxacyclohexadec-13-ene-2,6-dione | 189453-10-9 | C27H41NO5S |
|
| —— | Furo[3',4':6,7]naphtho[2,3-d]-1,3-dioxol-6(5aH)-one, 9-[[4,6-O-(1R)-ethylidene-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-5,8,8a,9-tetrahydro-5-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-, (5R,5aR,8aR,9S)- | 33419-42-0 | C29H32O13 |
|
| —— | methyl (9R,10S,11S,12R,19R)-11-acetyloxy-12-ethyl-4-[(13S,15R,17S)-17-ethyl-17-hydroxy-13-methoxycarbonyl-1,11-diazatetracyclo[13.3.1.04,12.05,10]nonadeca-4(12),5,7,9-tetraen-13-yl]-8-formyl-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.01,9.02,7.016,19]nonadeca-2,4,6,13-tetraene-10-carboxylate | 57-22-7 | C46H56N4O10 |
|
| —— | [(1S,2S,3R,4S,7R,9S,10S,12R,15S)-4-acetyloxy-1,9,12-trihydroxy-15-[2-hydroxy-3-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonylamino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]oxy-10,14,17,17-tetramethyl-11-oxo-6-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.03,10.04,7]heptadec-13-en-2-yl] benzoate | 114915-20-7 | C43H53NO14 |
|
| —— | teniposide | 29767-20-2 | C32H32O13S |
|
| —— | Vincristin-sulfat | 2068-78-2 | C46H56N4O10*H2O4S |
|
| —— | (<i>R</i>)-2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-4-methyl-pentyl)-succinic acid 1-((3a<i>R</i>)-2-methoxy-(3a<i>r</i><i>C</i><sup>4</sup>,14b<i>c</i>)-1,5,6,8,9,14b-hexahydro-4<i>H</i>-cyclopenta[<i>b</i>][1,3]dioxolo[4',5':4,5]benzo[1,2-<i>d</i>]pyrrolo[1,2-<i>a</i>]azepin-1<i>t</i>-yl) ester 4-methyl ester | 26833-87-4 | C29H39NO9 |
|
| —— | 10-acetyldocetaxel | 125354-16-7 | C45H55NO15 |
|
| —— | Pikropodophyllin | 477-47-4 | C22H22O8 |
|
| —— | (+/-)-isopodophyllotoxin | 477-47-4 | C22H22O8 |
|
| —— | DL-Isopodophyllotoxin | 477-47-4 | C22H22O8 |
|
| —— | (+/-)-epiisopodophyllotoxin | 477-47-4 | C22H22O8 |
|
| —— | Podophyllotoxin | 477-47-4 | C22H22O8 |
|
| —— | 9c-Hydroxy-5c-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-5,5a,6a,9-tetrahydro-(5ar)-8H-furo<3',4':6,7>naphtho<2,3-d>(1,3)-dioxol-6-on; Podophyllotoxin | 477-47-4 | C22H22O8 |
|
| —— | methyl (1R,10S,11R,12R)-11-acetyloxy-12-ethyl-4-[(13S,15S,17S)-17-ethyl-17-hydroxy-13-methoxycarbonyl-1,11-diazatetracyclo[13.3.1.04,12.05,10]nonadeca-4(12),5,7,9-tetraen-13-yl]-8-formyl-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.01,9.02,7.016,19]nonadeca-2,4,6,13-tetraene-10-carboxylate | 57-22-7 | C46H56N4O10 |
|
| —— | vincristine sulphate | 2068-78-2 | C46H56N4O10*H2O4S |
|
| —— | vincristine dihydrogen sulphate | 2068-78-2 | C46H56N4O10.H2O4S |
|
| —— | vincristine | 57-22-7 | C46H56N4O10 |
|
| —— | norcantharidin | 29745-04-8 | C8H8O4 |
|
| —— | (+/-)-podophyllotoxin | 477-47-4 | C22H22O8 |
|
| —— | cantharidin | 56-25-7 | C10H12O4 |
|
| —— | (+/-)-epi-picropodophyllin | 477-47-4 | C22H22O8 |
|
| —— | vinblastine sulfate | 865-21-4 | C46H58N4O9*H2O4S |
|
| —— | Vinblastin-sulfat | 143-67-9 | C46H58N4O9*H2O4S |
|
| —— | (3aR,3a1R,4R,5S,5aR,10bR)-methyl 4-acetoxy-3a-ethyl-9-((3R,5S,7R,9S)-5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-9-(methoxycarbonyl)-2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-octahydro-1H-3,7-methano[1]azacycloundecino[5,4-b]indol-9-yl)-5-hydroxy-8-methoxy-6-methyl-3a,3a1,4,5,5a,6,11,12-octahydro-1H-indolizino[8,1-cd]carbazole-5-carboxylate sulfuric acid | 143-67-9 | C46H58N4O9*H2O4S |
|
| —— | 4,8-Dihydroxy-5,5,7,9,13-pentamethyl-16-[1-(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)prop-1-en-2-yl]-1-oxacyclohexadec-13-ene-2,6-dione | 189453-10-9 | C27H41NO5S |
|
| —— | Monocrotalin | 315-22-0 | C16H23NO6 |
|
| —— | Vincristine (free base) | 57-22-7 | C46H56N4O10 |
|
| —— | Epipodophyllotoxin, 4'-demethyl-, 9-(4,6-O-2-thenylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside) | 29767-20-2 | C32H32O13S |
|
| —— | 4,8-Dihydroxy-5,5,7,9-tetramethyl-16-[1-(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-YL)prop-1-EN-2-YL]-1-oxacyclohexadec-13-ene-2,6-dione | 186692-73-9 | C26H39NO5S |
|
| —— | etoposide | 33419-42-0 | C29H32O13 |
|
| —— | Indirubin | 397242-72-7 | C16H10N2O2 |
|
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