Structure-activity relationships of pyrimidine nucleosides as antiviral agents for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells
作者:Chung K. Chu、Raymond F. Schinazi、Moon K. Ahn、Giliyar V. Ullas、Zi P. Gu
DOI:10.1021/jm00123a018
日期:1989.3
reduced the antiviral potency significantly. Changing the 3'-azido function to an amino or iodo group reduced the antiviral activity. Replacement of the uracil ring by cytosine or 5-methylcytosine produced analogues with high potency and low toxicity. Modification of the 5'-hydroxy group markedly reduced the antiviral activity. Similarly, various C-nucleoside analogues related to AZT and 2',3'-dideoxycytidine
在人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)感染的人类外周血单核细胞中确定了与3'-叠氮基3'-脱氧胸苷(AZT)相关的几种嘧啶核苷的构效关系。这些研究表明,糖环上带有3'-叠氮基的核苷表现出最有效的抗病毒活性。在C-5处用H,CH3和C2H5取代会产生具有最高效力的衍生物,而大于C2的烷基官能团(包括溴取代基)会显着降低抗病毒效力。将3'-叠氮基功能更改为氨基或碘基可降低抗病毒活性。用胞嘧啶或5-甲基胞嘧啶取代尿嘧啶环产生具有高效力和低毒性的类似物。5'的修饰 -羟基显着降低了抗病毒活性。类似地,与AZT和2',3'-二脱氧胞苷有关的各种C-核苷类似物是无活性且无毒的。通过这些系统研究,得出3'-叠氮基2',3'-二脱氧尿苷(5a),3'-叠氮基5-乙基-2',3'-二脱氧尿苷(5c)和3'-叠氮基2',3 '-二脱氧胞苷(7a)及其5-甲基类似物(7b)被鉴定为原代人淋巴细胞中有效的和选择性的抗HIV-1药物。