Culture wars in the classroom: Prospective teachers question science
摘要:
Does studying about the nature(s) of science contribute to a prospective teachers' effectiveness as a science teacher? This research grew out of a course created by a science educator and historian of science who believed prospective teachers needed more complex understandings of the cultural wars surrounding science. The research team consisted of five prospective teachers who participated in the course as well as the two instructors. This paper describes the experience of participating in the course from both perspectives. We argue that studying the cultural wars over science contributes to prospective teachers' professional growth as much because the course elicits tacit beliefs about school science as it introduces more complex understandings of science. We found that prospective teachers' tacit beliefs about school science were their greatest barrier to developing more complex understandings about the nature(s) of science. We contend that willingness to grapple with complexity and developing a professional identity by locating oneself in the conversations about the nature(s) of science are better criteria for determining the professional growth of prospective teachers than knowledge measures. Finally, we argue that prospective teachers should be viewed as professionals who are responsible for finding their own voice, making their own decisions, and considering the consequences of their beliefs on their practice. This study raises questions critical to teacher education programs for prospective teachers and teacher-educators alike. (C) 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Keratin dyeing compounds, keratin dyeing compositions containing them, and use thereof
申请人:Glenn Wayne Robert
公开号:US20050217038A1
公开(公告)日:2005-10-06
Compositions for the oxidative dyeing of keratin fibers, comprising a medium suitable for dyeing and one or more tricyclic fused 6-5-6 heteroaromatic keratin dyeing compounds having one heteroatom. A method for oxidative dyeing of keratin fibers, comprising applying such compositions in the presence of an oxidizing agent, for a period sufficient to develop the desired coloration.
Keratin Dyeing Compounds, Keratin Dyeing Compositions Containing Them, And Use Thereof
申请人:Glenn Wayne Robert
公开号:US20080098535A1
公开(公告)日:2008-05-01
Compositions for the oxidative dyeing of keratin fibers, comprising a medium suitable for dyeing and one or more tricyclic fused 6-5-6 heteroaromatic keratin dyeing compounds having one heteroatom. A method for oxidative dyeing of keratin fibers, comprising applying such compositions in the presence of an oxidizing agent, for a period sufficient to develop the desired coloration.
KERATIN DYEING COMPOUNDS, KERATIN DYEING COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING THEM, AND USE THEREOF
申请人:The Procter and Gamble Company
公开号:EP1735059A2
公开(公告)日:2006-12-27
Colloidal Metal-Containing Urushi Lacquer and Urushi Lacquered Article
申请人:Miyakoshi Tetsuo
公开号:US20080206573A1
公开(公告)日:2008-08-28
The present invention relates to an Urushi lacquer and an Urushi lacquered article obtained using the lacquer.
An object of the present invention is to impart excellent gloss to an Urushi coating, improve drying properties, improve light fastness, and provide an environmentally responsible high-class lacquered article such as a ‘Byakudan’ (white sandalwood) coating or a ‘Tamamushi’ (iridescent) coating.
This object has been accomplished by an Urushi lacquer comprising a naturally occurring raw Urushi or a refined Urushi, and metal colloid particles. As the metal colloid particles, precious metal colloid particles may preferably be used.
The present invention enables high-class coating using a precious metal colloid color to be carried out and provides an environmentally responsible ecological natural lacquer.