Intramolecular Pyridone/Enyne Photocycloaddition: Partitioning of the [4 + 4] and [2 + 2] Pathways
作者:Svitlana Kulyk、William G. Dougherty、W. Scott Kassel、Michael J. Zdilla、Scott McN. Sieburth
DOI:10.1021/ol200390j
日期:2011.5.6
Intramolecular photocycloaddition (>290 nm) between a 1,3-enyne and a 2-pyridone is far more selective than the intermolecular version; a three-atom linkage both controls regiochemistry and separates the [2 + 2] and [4 + 4] pathways. All four head-to-head, head-to-tail, tail-to-head, and tail-to-tail tetherings have been investigated. Linkage via the ene of the enyne leads to [2 + 2] products regardless
[reaction: see text]. Starting from diethyl (R)-malate, synthesis of the lower-half segment of (+)-tubelactomicin A, a 16-membered macrolide antibiotic, has been achieved. The synthesis involved the highly endo- and pi-facial selective intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction achieved using a trisubstituted methacrolein derivative tethering a 10-carbon dienyne unit at the beta-carbon, which in turn was
Formation and isomerization of polycyclic 1,5-enynes
作者:Paul B. Finn、Svitlana Kulyk、Scott McN. Sieburth
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.01.145
日期:2015.6
A 1,5-enyne with the alkyne flanked by a cyclopropane and a cyclobutane, formed by intramolecular [2+2] photocycloaddition of a pyridone with an enyne, undergoes gold catalyzed ring closure to give a cyclopentene, without isomerization of either small ring. The ring closure can also be effected by thiol radical conditions. The chemistry of the resulting tetracycle with its five stereogenic centers
Synthesis of 6-alkenyl- and 6-alkynylpurines with cytokinin activity
作者:Anders Bråthe、Lise-Lotte Gundersen、Frode Rise、Aud Berglen Eriksen、Ane V. Vollsnes、Linea Wang
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4020(98)01027-8
日期:1999.1
Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of the Steric Tolerance of the Binding Site of Bacterioopsin with the Use of Side-Chain Methyl-Shifted Retinal Analogs
作者:Angel R. de Lera、Beatriz Iglesias、Jesus Rodriguez、Rosana Alvarez、Susana Lopez、Xavier Villanueva、Esteve Padros
DOI:10.1021/ja00136a021
日期:1995.8
Four positional isomers of trans-retinal (1) differing in the location of the side-chain methyl groups have been prepared by a combination of Wittig and highly stereocontrolled Suzuki coupling reactions. The incubation of 9-demethyl-10-methylretinal (5) with bacterioopsin yielded an artificial pigment with an opsin shift of 4630 cm(-1) The other three analogs, namely 13-demethyl-14-methylretinal (3), 13-demethyl-12-methylretinal (4), and 9-demethyl-8-methylretinal (6) did not bind to the apoprotein. In order to rationally address the intrinsic structural differences among analogs which could be relevant to the discrimination exhibited by the protein binding site, ab initio calculations with complete optimization at the 3-21G level were performed on model N-methylretinal iminium salts derived from aldehydes 1 and 3-6. The validity of the approach was inferred from the remarkable coincidence between the minimized structure of N-methylretinal Schiff base (PSB-1) and the structural parameters displayed by N-methyl-N-phenylretinal iminium perchlorate (38b). Computations clearly show that the location of the methyl groups on the polyene side chain is of the utmost importance in determining the overall shape of the retinal ligands. Those structural effects, added to the dominant steric and electronic restrictions of the binding pocket, would explain the observed discrimination among the analogs 3-6, with minor structural changes, and perhaps among other retinals reported in the literature. Additionally, the theoretical and experimental results obtained with 9-demethyl-8-methylretinal (6) provide further indirect evidence of the importance of the 6-s-trans conformation for the native chromophore in bacteriorhodopsin.