Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of (Hetero)Arylmethyloxy- and Arylmethylamine-phenyl Derivatives as Potent P-glycoprotein Modulating Agents
摘要:
Starting from lead compounds 12b and 28b, previously characterized as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) modulating agents, two series of new compounds were investigated. Compounds 14a,b and 15a,b displayed high P-gp modulating activity in the submicromolar range (EC(50) values from 0.25 to 0.80 mu M). Moreover, amino derivatives 23-27 showed EC(50) values ranging from 0.085 to 0.90 mu M. In the pyridyl series, the best result has been obtained for 4-pyridyl derivative 17b (EC(50) = 0.85 mu M). The best P-gp modulating agents 14a,b, 15a,b, and 23-27 also have been studied for determining their breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) inhibition activity. The results demonstrated that only the amino derivatives 23-27 displayed moderate BCRP inhibition activity.
Anti-inflammatory effects of liver X receptor (LXR) ligands are thought to be largely due to LXR-mediated transrepression, whereas side effects are caused by activation of LXR-responsive gene expression (transactivation). Therefore, selective LXR modulators that preferentially exhibit transrepression activity should exhibit anti-inflammatory properties with fewer side effects. Here, we synthesized a series of styrylphenylphthalirnide analogues and evaluated their structure activity relationships focusing on LXRs-transactivating-agonistic/antagonistic activities and transrepressional activity. Among the compounds examined, 171 showed potent LXR-transrepressional activity with high selectivity over transactivating activity and did not show characteristic side effects of LXR-transactivating agonists in cells. This representative compound, 171, was confirmed to have LXR-dependent transrepressional activity and to bind directly to LXR beta. Compound 171 should be useful not only as a chemical tool for studying the biological functions of LXRs transrepression but also as a candidate for a safer agent to treat inflammatory diseases.