Cyclosporins having anti-bacterial activity useful as immuno suppressive and anti-inflammatory agents are provided, such as undecapeptides of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which A.sub.1 is either derived from 2-carboxyazetidine, 2-carboxypyrrolidine or 2-carboxypiperidine, or is an amino acid residue ##STR2## wherein n is 0, 1 or 2, X represents an amino, methylamino, mercapto or hydroxy group, R represents hydrogen or an acyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group and R' represents hydrogen or methyl; A.sub.2 is an amino acid residue ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1 is an acyclic aliphatic hydrogen group optionally substituted at the C.sub.1 position of the group R.sub.1 by an amino, methylamino, mercapto or hydroxy group, but with the proviso that when R.sub.1 is a group of less than four carbon atoms then A.sub.1 is a heterocyclic amino acid residue or is an amino acid residue --R'N--CH(CHR(CH.sub.2).sub.n X)--CO-- wherein either (a) R is hydrogen or (b) R is an acyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group and either n is O and X is an amino, methylamino or mercapto group, or n is 1 or 2 and X is an amino, methylamino, mercapto or hydroxy group; A.sub.3 is a sarcosine residue; A.sub.4 is an N-methyl-leucine residue; A.sub.5 is a valine residue; A.sub.6 is an M-methyl-leucine residue; A.sub.7 is an alanine residue; A.sub.8 is an alanine residue; A.sub.9 is an N-methyl-leucine residue; A.sub.10 is an N-methyl-leucine or sarcosine residue; and A.sub.11 is an N-methylvaline residue.
本发明提供了具有抗菌活性的
环孢霉素,可用作免疫抑制和抗炎剂,例如公式(I)的十一肽:##
STR1## 其中A.sub.1从2-羧基
氮杂环丙烷,2-羧基
吡咯烷或2-羧基
哌啶衍生,或者是
氨基酸残基##
STR2## 其中n为0、1或2,X表示
氨基、
甲基氨基、巯基或羟基,R表示
氢或无环
脂肪烃基,R'表示
氢或
甲基;A.sub.2是
氨基酸残基##
STR3## 其中R.sub.1是无环
脂肪氢基团,可在R.sub.1的C.sub.1位置被
氨基、
甲基氨基、巯基或羟基取代,但是,当R.sub.1是少于四个
碳原子的基团时,则A.sub.1是杂环
氨基酸残基或者是
氨基酸残基--R'N--CH(CHR(CH.sub.2).sub.n X)--CO--,其中(a)R为
氢或(b)R为无环
脂肪烃基,n为O且X为
氨基、
甲基氨基或巯基,或n为1或2且X为
氨基、
甲基氨基、巯基或羟基;A.sub.3是
肌氨酸残基;A.sub.4是N-
甲基亮
氨酸残基;A.sub.5是缬
氨酸残基;A.sub.6是M-
甲基亮
氨酸残基;A.sub.7是丙
氨酸残基;A.sub.8是丙
氨酸残基;A.sub.9是N-
甲基亮
氨酸残基;A.sub.10是N-
甲基亮
氨酸或
肌氨酸残基;A.sub.11是
N-甲基缬氨酸残基。