Synthesis of Early-Transition-Metal Carbide and Nitride Nanoparticles through the Urea Route and Their Use as Alkylation Catalysts
作者:Weitang Yao、Philippe Makowski、Cristina Giordano、Frédéric Goettmann
DOI:10.1002/chem.200901496
日期:2009.11.9
synthesis of various early‐transition‐metal nitride and carbide nanoparticles (TiN, NbN, Mo2N, W2N, NbCxN1−x, Mo2C and WC). The ability of these particles to promote alkylation reactions with alcohols was tested on benzyl alcohol and acetophenone at 150 °C for 20 h in xylene. Group IV and V ceramics proved to be able to catalyse the formation of 1,3‐diphenyl propenone, whereas group VI ceramics showed a
通过使用尿素作为碳源或氮源,可以合成各种早期过渡金属氮化物和碳化物纳米颗粒(TiN,NbN,Mo 2 N,W 2 N,NbC x N 1- x,Mo 2C和WC)。在二甲苯中于150°C的苯甲醇和苯乙酮中测试了这些颗粒促进与醇的烷基化反应的能力,时间为150°C。事实证明,IV和V组陶瓷能够催化1,3-二苯基丙烯酮的形成,而VI组陶瓷则具有促进苯甲醇在二甲苯(溶剂)上的Friedel-Crafts型反应的趋势。TiN具有最高的酮烷基化活性,并经过了更困难的烷基化测试。进一步研究了VI组陶瓷作为芳烃与活化醇的Friedel-Crafts型烷基化的催化剂。有趣的是,甚至己醇也可以有效地用于这些反应。