tert-butyl indolizine-1-carboxylate | 1092776-25-4

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 吡咯并吡啶类
• 英文名称: tert-butyl indolizine-1-carboxylate
• CAS: 1092776-25-4
• 化学式: C₁₃H₁₅NO₂
• 分子量: 217.268
• InChiKey: PNQICFORUPAERI-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  3.3
• 重原子数：
  16
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.31
• 拓扑面积：
  30.7
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  tert-butyl indolizine-1-carboxylate 在 正丁基锂 、 二异丙胺 、 碘 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 正己烷 为溶剂， 反应 13.0h， 以85%的产率得到tert-butyl 5-iodoindolizine-1-carboxylate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Directed Metalation of 1-Ester-Substituted Indolizines: Base/Electrophile-Controlled Regioselective Functionalization

  摘要：

  A variety of C-2 and C-5 difunctionalized indolizines have been prepared through the reaction of 1-ester-substituted indolizines with organometallic bases followed by a reaction with different electrophiles. Metalation takes place under mild conditions allowing the isolation of a number of difunctionalized indolizines in good yields. The regioselectivity of the reaction appears to be governed by the nature of the base and electrophile.

  DOI：

  10.1021/ol503288e

文献信息

• Heck-Type Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions of Indolizines at the 3-Position with Electron-Deficient Alkenes through Palladium-Catalyzed CH Activation
  作者：Huayou Hu、Yun Liu、Hao Zhong、Yulan Zhu、Chao Wang、Min Ji

  DOI：10.1002/asia.201101050

  日期：2012.5

  A cross‐dehydrogenative coupling reaction of indolizines with electron‐deficient alkenes for the synthesis of 3‐alkenyl‐substituted indolizines has been reported. The reaction takes place at the 3‐position selectively through palladium‐catalyzed CH activation, following a Heck‐type cross‐coupling reaction under mild and ligand‐free conditions. Furthermore, the reaction mechanism of the PdII/Pd0 catalytic

  据报道，吲哚嗪与缺乏电子的烯烃发生交叉脱氢偶联反应，可合成3-烯基取代的吲哚嗪。在温和且无配体的条件下发生Heck型交叉偶联反应后，该反应通过钯催化的CH活化选择性地在3位发生。此外，还通过1 H NMR光谱证实了Pd II / Pd 0催化途径的反应机理。
• 一种制备3，4-二芳基环吖嗪[3,2,2]衍生物的方 法
  申请人：淮阴师范学院

  公开号：CN104059067B

  公开（公告）日：2016-05-18

  本发明为一种制备3，4-二芳基环吖嗪[3,2,2]衍生物的方法。该方法是取3位氢取代的中氮茚和二芳基乙炔为反应原料，以钯为催化剂、以氧气为氧化剂制备目标产物。其工艺步骤为：将3位氢取代的中氮茚、二芳基乙炔、钯催化剂、添加剂（或无）为组分原料，依次按摩尔比1：1.0~3.0：0.0125~0.10：0.0125~1.0（或0）同置入反应器中，再加入溶剂1.0-10毫升，在氧气氛下于60～130温度条件加热搅拌，时间1-24小时，将反应后的混合物倒入水中，经过滤、洗涤、干燥后重结晶或柱层析分离，即制备而成。本方法工艺简单易行，反应中无需使用配体和碱，氧化剂廉价而环保，反应条件宽松，产品得率高，明显降低了制备成本，可为生物、染料和有机半导体材料领域制备相关产品，提供充裕的3，4-二芳基环吖嗪[3,2,2]衍生物。
• Palladium catalyzed oxidative Suzuki coupling reaction of indolizine at the 3-position using oxygen gas as the only oxidant
  作者：Huayou Hu、Yong Liu、Juan Xu、Yuhe Kan、Chao Wang、Min Ji

  DOI：10.1039/c4ra03799e

  日期：——

  Stoichiometric metal oxidant applied in the functionalization of indolizine at the 3-position through C–H activation in a previous report was found to increase the cost of the synthesis and worsen the environmental pollution. In this paper, we developed a Pd(OAc)2/O2 catalytic system with or without ligands for an oxidative Suzuki coupling reaction of indolizine at the 3-position through C–H activation. As reported in the literature, some indolizines dimerized when catalyzed by palladium acetate under ligand-free conditions. However, we found that the dimerization of 2,3-unsubstituted indolizines was inhibited by the addition of ligands. Based on this finding, the arylation of these indolizines can be successfully achieved via a Pd(OAc)/O2 system using picolinic acid as a ligand. 1,2-disubstituted indolizines that do not easily dimerize can react smoothly with arylboronic acids under ligand-free conditions. Furthermore, broad group tolerance was shown in both indolizine and arylboronic acid. Finally, this method has the advantages of mild conditions, a broad array of starting materials and the use of a green oxidant.

  之前的报告发现，在通过 C-H 活化对吲哚利嗪进行 3 位官能化反应时，使用的化学计量金属氧化剂会增加合成成本并加剧环境污染。本文开发了一种含配体或不含配体的 Pd(OAc)2/O2 催化体系，用于通过 C-H 活化进行吲哚利嗪 3 位的氧化铃木偶联反应。据文献报道，在无配体条件下，一些吲嗪类化合物在醋酸钯催化下会发生二聚反应。然而，我们发现加入配体后，2,3-未取代的吲嗪类化合物的二聚化受到了抑制。基于这一发现，我们可以使用吡啶甲酸作为配体，通过 Pd(OAc)/O2 系统成功实现这些吲嗪类化合物的芳基化。在无配体条件下，不易发生二聚化的 1,2-二取代吲嗪类化合物能与芳基硼酸顺利发生反应。此外，吲哚利嗪和芳基硼酸都具有广泛的基团耐受性。最后，该方法还具有条件温和、起始材料广泛和使用绿色氧化剂等优点。
• Synthesis of 3-Haloindolizines by Copper(II) Halide Mediated Direct Functionalization of Indolizines
  作者：Ji-Bao Xia、Shu-Li You

  DOI：10.1021/ol9000872

  日期：2009.3.5

  3-Haloindolizines were synthesized via Cu(II) halide mediated halogenation of indolizines. This C−H direct functionalization process occurred under mild conditions giving 3-haloindolizines in moderate to excellent yields, and the products obtained were tested under the Suzuki−Miyaura reaction providing 3-arylindolizines in high yields.

  3-卤代吲哚嗪是通过铜（II）卤化物介导的吲哚嗪的卤化反应合成的。这种CH直接官能化过程发生在温和的条件下，以中等至极好的收率得到3-卤代吲哚并得到的产物在Suzuki-Miyaura反应下进行了测试，从而以高收率提供了3-芳基吲哚并得到。
• Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative C−H Bond and C═C Double Bond Cleavage: C-3 Acylation of Indolizines with α,β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids
  作者：Yuzhu Yang、Li Chen、Zhaoguo Zhang、Yuhong Zhang

  DOI：10.1021/ol200025k

  日期：2011.3.18

  A novel palladium-catalyzed C-3 acylation of indolizines with α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids via C−H bond and C═C double bond cleavage under oxidative conditions is described. The regioselectivity is assisted by the carboxylic group, and the selection of the oxidant is crucial to the reaction.

  描述了一种新颖的钯催化吲哚嗪类化合物的C-3酰化反应，在氧化条件下通过CH键和C═C双键裂解α，β-不饱和羧酸。区域选择性由羧基辅助，氧化剂的选择对反应至关重要。