New synthetic methods for the preparation of macrocyclic amido-N donor ligands are provided. The primary method of the present invention involves in general only two synthetic steps. In the first step, an .alpha. or .beta. amino carboxylic acid is allowed to react with an optimal (approximately stoichiometric) amount of an activated malonate or oxalate derivative with mild heating. Upon completion of the double coupling reaction, hydrolysis of the reaction mixture yields a diamide containing intermediate (a macro linker). In the second step, stoichiometric amounts of a diamine, preferably an orthophenylene diamine, are added to the macro linker intermediate in the presence of a coupling agent and heat. This second double coupling reaction, is allowed to proceed for a period of time sufficient to produce a macrocyclic tetraamido compound. The substituent groups on the .alpha. or .beta. amino carboxylic acid, the malonate, and the aryl diamine may all be selectively varied so that the resulting tetraamido macrocycle can be tailored to specific desired end uses. The macrocyclic tetraamide ligand may then be complexed with a metal, such as a transition metal, and preferably the middle and later transition metals, to form a robust chelate complex suitable for catalyzing oxidation reactions.
本发明提供了制备大环状酰胺-N供体
配体的新合成方法。本发明的主要方法通常仅涉及两个合成步骤。在第一步中,将α或β
氨基
羧酸与适量(大约
化学计量)的活化马隆酸酯或
草酸酯衍
生物在温和加热条件下反应。在双偶联反应完成后,反应混合物的
水解产生含二酰胺中间体(大环链接体)。在第二步中,在
偶联剂和热的存在下,向大环链接体中加入
化学计量的二胺,优选为
邻苯二胺。这个第二个双偶联反应进行足够长的时间,以产生大环状四酰胺化合物。α或β
氨基
羧酸,马隆酸酯和芳基二胺上的取代基都可以被选择性地变化,以便将所得的四酰胺大环状分子适应于特定的最终用途。然后可以将大环状四酰胺
配体与
金属(例如过渡
金属,优选为中后过渡
金属)络合,形成适用于催化氧化反应的强大螯合络合物。