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vincristine | 57-22-7

中文名称
——
中文别名
——
英文名称
vincristine
英文别名
VCR;leurocristine;methyl (1R,9R,10S,11R,12R,19R)-11-acetyloxy-12-ethyl-4-[(13S,15S,17S)-17-ethyl-17-hydroxy-13-methoxycarbonyl-1,11-diazatetracyclo[13.3.1.04,12.05,10]nonadeca-4(12),5,7,9-tetraen-13-yl]-8-formyl-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.01,9.02,7.016,19]nonadeca-2,4,6,13-tetraene-10-carboxylate
vincristine化学式
CAS
57-22-7
化学式
C46H56N4O10
mdl
——
分子量
824.971
InChiKey
OGWKCGZFUXNPDA-XQKSVPLYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    211-216 ºC
  • 比旋光度:
    D25 +17°; D25 +26.2° (ethylene chloride)
  • 沸点:
    761.92°C (rough estimate)
  • 密度:
    1.1539 (rough estimate)
  • 溶解度:
    溶于氯仿、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、DMSO、丙酮等。
  • 物理描述:
    Vincristine appears as a white crystalline solid. Melting point 218°C. Used as an antineoplastic.
  • 颜色/状态:
    Blades from methanol
  • 稳定性/保质期:
    STERILE SOLN IN EITHER H2O OR PHYSIOLOGICAL SALINE STORED IN REFRIGERATOR FOR UP TO 2 WK WITHOUT SIGNIFICANT LOSS OF POTENCY
  • 旋光度:
    Specific optical rotation: +17 deg at 25 °C/D; +26.2 deg at 25 °C/D (ethylene chloride); max absorption (ethanol): 220, 255, 296 nm (log molar absorptivity = 4.65, 4.21, 4.18)
  • 分解:
    When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of oxides of nitrogen.
  • 解离常数:
    pKa: 5.0, 7.4 in 33% dimethylformamide

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    2.8
  • 重原子数:
    60
  • 可旋转键数:
    10
  • 环数:
    9.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.57
  • 拓扑面积:
    171
  • 氢给体数:
    3
  • 氢受体数:
    12

ADMET

代谢
静脉注射[放射性同位素标记的]长春新碱后,72小时内,69%的放射性物质在粪便中回收,12%在尿液中回收。大约一半是以代谢物的形式存在,其紫外光谱表明长春新碱二聚体保持完整。胆瘘患者显示出完整的药物(46.5%)和代谢物(53.5%)的广泛胆汁排泄。观察结果表明,胆汁-粪便途径在排泄中占主导地位。
After iv administration of ... (3)H vincristine, 69% of radioactivity was recovered in feces and 12% in urine over 72 hr period. Approx half ... was in form of metabolites, whose UV spectrum suggested that vincristine dimer was intact. Patients with biliary fistula showed extensive biliary excretion of intact drug (46.5%) & of metabolites (53.5%). Observations suggest that biliary-fecal route ... predominate in excretion ... .
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
长春新碱的代谢命运尚未明确确定;该药物似乎被广泛代谢,可能是在肝脏中,但代谢的程度不清楚,因为药物在体内也显然会分解。
The metabolic fate of vincristine has not been clearly determined; the drug appears to be extensively metabolized, probably in the liver, but the extent of metabolism is not clear since the drug also apparently undergoes decomposition in vivo.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
肝脏。细胞色素P450同工酶的CYP3A亚家族促进了长春碱的代谢。 消除途径:肝脏是人类和动物的主要排泄器官。注射剂量的硫酸长春碱的80%通过粪便排出。10-20%通过尿液排出。 半衰期:当静脉注射给癌症患者时,观察到三阶段血清衰减模式。初始、中间和终末半衰期分别为5分钟、2.3小时和85小时。人类终末半衰期的范围是19-155小时。
Hepatic. Cytochrome P450 isoenzymes of the CYP3A subfamily facilitate the metabolism of vincristine. Route of Elimination: The liver is the major excretory organ in humans and animals. 80% of an injected dose of vincristine sulfate is excreted via feces. 10 - 20% is excreted via urine. Half Life: When intravenously injected into cancer patients, a triphasic serum decay patten was observed. The initial, middle, and terminal half-lives are 5 minutes, 2.3 hours, 85 hours respectively. The range of the terminal half-life is humans is 19 - 155 hours.
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 毒性总结
长春新碱的抗肿瘤活性被认为主要是通过其与微管蛋白的相互作用,在 metaphase 阶段抑制有丝分裂。与其他长春花碱类药物一样,长春新碱还可能干扰:1) 氨基酸、环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)和谷胱甘肽的代谢,2) 钙调素依赖的钙离子转运 ATP 酶活性,3) 细胞呼吸,以及 4) 核酸和脂质的生物合成。
The antitumor activity of Vincristine is thought to be due primarily to inhibition of mitosis at metaphase through its interaction with tubulin. Like other vinca alkaloids, Vincristine may also interfere with: 1) amino acid, cyclic AMP, and glutathione metabolism, 2) calmodulin-dependent Ca<sup>2+</sup>-transport ATPase activity, 3) cellular respiration, and 4) nucleic acid and lipid biosynthesis.
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 药物性肝损伤
化合物:长春新碱
Compound:vincristine
来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset
毒理性
  • 药物性肝损伤
DILI 注解:较少的药物性肝损伤关注
DILI Annotation:Less-DILI-Concern
来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset
毒理性
  • 药物性肝损伤
严重程度等级:8
Severity Grade:8
来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset
毒理性
  • 药物性肝损伤
“标签部分:不良反应”
Label Section:Adverse reactions
来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset
吸收、分配和排泄
中枢神经系统白血病在接受长春新碱治疗且血液学缓解的患者中的发展被解释为证据,表明长春新碱...穿透血脑屏障的能力较差。长春新碱...可以以比静脉给药大几倍的剂量注入肿瘤的动脉血液供应中,而毒性相当;因此,局部摄取或破坏非常迅速。长春花生物碱似乎主要通过肝脏排泄进入胆汁。
Development of CNS leukemia in patients receiving vincristine and in hematological remission has been interpreted as evidence that ... /vincristine/ penetrates blood-brain barrier poorly. Vincristine ... can be infused into arterial blood supply of tumors in doses several times larger than those that can be admistered iv with comparable toxicity; thus either local uptake or destruction is very rapid. Vinca alkaloids appear to be excreted primarily by liver into bile.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
注射后最初几小时内的尿液排泄在狗和猴子中都很低。在两者中,药物分布到大多数组织中,但浓度最高的发现于肺、肾、脾、胰腺和肝脏。在猴子中,长春新碱及其代谢物迅速从血浆进入脑脊液,形成低浓度的药物,这种状态持续了数天。
Urinary excretion ... over first few hr after injection was ... low in dogs and monkeys. In both ... the drug was distributed to most tissues, but highest concentrations ... found in lung, kidney, spleen, pancreas and liver. In monkeys, vincristine and its metabolites rapidly entered cerebrospinal fluid from plasma to form low concentrations of drug, which persisted for several days.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
硫酸长春新碱从胃肠道的吸收是不可预测的。在肾功能和肝功能正常的患者中,快速静脉注射2毫克剂量的硫酸长春新碱后,血药浓度会立即达到大约0.19-0.89微摩尔/升的峰值,并且药物会迅速从血液中清除。当使用相同剂量的药物时,与快速静脉注射相比,连续静脉输注的血药浓度-时间曲线下面积有所增加。
Vincristine sulfate is unpredictably absorbed from the Gl tract. Following rapid iv injection of a 2 mg dose of vincristine in patients with normal renal and hepatic function, peak serum drug concentrations of approximately 0.19-0.89 uM occur immediately and the drug is rapidly cleared from serum. The area under the serum vincristine concentration time curve has been shown to be increased following continuous iv infusion compared with rapid iv injection of the drug when comparable doses are administered.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
长春新碱及其代谢物(和/或分解产物)在人体组织和液体中的分布尚未被完全表征,但药物在静脉给药后迅速且广泛分布。分布到组织中的药物紧密结合但可逆。长春新碱及其代谢物(和/或分解产物)迅速且广泛地分布到胆汁中,在快速静脉注射药物后2-4小时内胆汁中达到峰值浓度。长春新碱及其代谢物(和/或分解产物)在快速静脉注射后很少穿过血脑屏障,通常不会在脑脊液中以细胞毒浓度出现。
Distribution of vincristine and its metabolites (and/or decomposition products) into human body tissues and fluids has not been fully characterized, but the drug is rapidly and apparently widely distributed following iv administration. Drug that is distributed into tissues is tightly but reversibly bound. Vincristine and its metabolites (and/or decomposition products) are rapidly and extensively distributed into bile, with peak biliary concentrations occurring within 2-4 hr after rapid iv injection of the drug. Vincristine and its metabolites (and/or decomposition products) cross the blood brain barrier poorly following rapid iv injection and generally do not appear in the CSF in cytotoxic concentrations.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • 危险等级:
    6.1(a)
  • 危险品运输编号:
    UN 1544
  • 包装等级:
    II
  • 危险类别:
    6.1(a)

SDS

SDS:7e9707be4484f9c048a3f5d296c077a0
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制备方法与用途

理化性质

长春新碱(Vincristine, Oncovin, VCR)是从夹竹桃科植物长春花中提取出的生物碱。它具有显著的抗肿瘤作用,目前作为临床抗肿瘤药物使用。在甲醇中重结晶时形成针状结晶,熔点为211~216℃,比旋光度+42°(氯仿)。

长春新碱、长春碱是长春花中具有抗肿瘤活性的二聚吲哚类生物碱,在抗击癌症方面表现出显著疗效。

发现历史

加拿大医生罗伯特·诺布尔(Robert Noble)是一位研究糖尿病的医学家。他的哥哥克拉克·诺布尔(Clark Noble,对发现胰岛素做出了巨大贡献)听说“牙买加人将长春花当作茶来治疗糖尿病”,并将这一消息告知了罗伯特,并寄了一些样品给他。和大多数药物学家一样,罗伯特也是通过民间医学获取信息,然后经过科学验证,分离出有效的化合物以开发新药。

通过给小白鼠和兔子注射长春花提取液,他们发现长春花并不能降低血糖浓度。然而令人惊讶的是,灭菌的长春花提取液却导致了小白鼠肝脏和肾脏脓肿。进一步研究揭示,长春花提取液破坏了小白鼠的免疫系统,并直接损害了脊髓造血细胞,从而降低了血液中负责免疫的能力。

敏锐的罗伯特很快意识到,这种成分可以杀死白细胞。因此,他认为长春花对治疗白血病具有潜在疗效。白血病是由骨髓异常导致不正常白血球大量繁殖所致。

在敏锐地认识到长春花可能对白血病有潜在疗效后,罗伯特邀请了化学家查尔斯·比尔(Charles Beer)加入研究团队,共同着手分离长春花中的特殊成分。1958年,他们最终得到一个具有活性的生物碱,并命名为长春新碱(Vinblastine)。后来与美国著名医药公司Eli Lilly合作研发,成功推出抗癌药物——长春新碱,其疗效比长春花碱更好,是治疗白血病的首选化疗药物,特别对急性淋巴性白血病、霍奇金氏淋巴瘤等癌症有显著效果。

药理作用

长春新碱能抗癌,疗效比长春碱约高10倍。它可用于治疗急性淋巴细胞性白血病,对其他急性白血病、何杰金氏病、淋巴肉瘤、网状细胞肉瘤和乳腺癌也有一定疗效。长春新碱与长春花碱(Vinblastine)、泛洛洛新及泛洛洗汀等一起存在于蔓长春花中的生物碱具有使细胞分裂(有丝分裂)在中期停止的作用,这类似于化疗药物的效果。

适应症
  • 急性白血病,尤其是儿童急性白血病
  • 恶性淋巴瘤
  • 生殖细胞肿瘤
  • 小细胞肺癌、尤文肉瘤、肾母细胞瘤、神经母细胞瘤
  • 乳腺癌、慢性淋巴细胞白血病、消化道癌、黑色素瘤及多发性骨髓瘤等
典型不良反应
  • 骨髓功能抑制
  • 消化道反应
  • 神经系统毒性:四肢麻木、腱反射迟钝或消失、外周神经炎、便秘、麻痹性肠梗阻、运动神经和感受神经及脑神经症状
  • 血栓性静脉炎,注射时漏至血管外可造成局部坏死
化学性质

长春新碱是白色结晶体,易溶于甲醇、乙醇、DMSO等有机溶剂。

用途

天然植物抗肿瘤药,用于治疗急性白血病和恶性淋巴瘤、小细胞肺癌及乳腺癌。

上下游信息

  • 上游原料
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    vincristine 生成 methyl (1R,9R,10S,11R,12R,19R)-11-acetyloxy-12-ethyl-4-[(10S,12S,14S)-14-ethyl-14-hydroxy-10-methoxycarbonyl-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.01,9.02,7.016,19]nonadeca-2,4,6,8-tetraen-10-yl]-8-formyl-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.01,9.02,7.016,19]nonadeca-2,4,6,13-tetraene-10-carboxylate
    参考文献:
    名称:
    SZANTAY, CSABA;HONTY, KATALIN;SZABO, LAJOS;KEVE, TIBOR
    摘要:
    DOI:
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    vinblastinepotassium permanganate18-冠醚-6溶剂黄146 作用下, 以 二氯甲烷 为溶剂, 反应 1.0h, 生成 vincristine
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Syntheses and biological evaluation of vinblastine congeners
    摘要:
    合成了长春碱(VLB)的62个类似物,主要是通过改变二元生物碱中碳甲氧基克拉维胺部分的哌啶环来修改结构,并评估了它们对小鼠L1210白血病和大鼠RCC-2结肠癌细胞的细胞毒性,以及它们在<10^-6 M浓度下抑制微管蛋白聚合、诱导微管蛋白螺旋化和在10^-4 M浓度下解聚微管的能力。这些化合物对L1210的抑制作用表现出>10^7 M的ID50范围,其中最活跃的化合物比长春碱的效力高出1000倍。
    DOI:
    10.1039/b209990j
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文献信息

  • [EN] ACC INHIBITORS AND USES THEREOF<br/>[FR] INHIBITEURS DE L'ACC ET UTILISATIONS ASSOCIÉES
    申请人:GILEAD APOLLO LLC
    公开号:WO2017075056A1
    公开(公告)日:2017-05-04
    The present invention provides compounds I and II useful as inhibitors of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (ACC), compositions thereof, and methods of using the same.
    本发明提供了化合物I和II,这些化合物可用作乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)的抑制剂,以及它们的组合物和使用方法。
  • [EN] COMPOUNDS AND COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING CDK INHIBITORS AND METHODS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CANCER<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS ET COMPOSITIONS COMPRENANT DES INHIBITEURS DES CDK ET MÉTHODES DE TRAITEMENT DU CANCER
    申请人:UNIV GEORGIA STATE RES FOUND
    公开号:WO2010129858A1
    公开(公告)日:2010-11-11
    Disclosed herein are compounds suitable for use as antitumor agents, methods for treating cancer wherein the disclosed compounds are used in making a medicament for the treatment of cancer, methods for treating a tumor comprising, administering to a subject a composition comprising one or more of the disclosed cytotoxic agents, and methods for preparing the disclosed antitumor agents.
    本文披露了适用作抗肿瘤药剂的化合物,用于治疗癌症的方法,其中所披露的化合物用于制备治疗癌症的药物,治疗肿瘤的方法包括向受试者施用包含一种或多种所披露的细胞毒性药剂的组合物,以及制备所披露的抗肿瘤药剂的方法。
  • Cobalamin conjugates for anti-tumor therapy
    申请人:Weinshenker M. Ned
    公开号:US20050054607A1
    公开(公告)日:2005-03-10
    The present invention provides a cobalamin-drug conjugate suitable for the treatment of tumor related diseases. Cobalamin is indirectly covalently bound to an anti-tumor drug via a cleavable linker and one or more optional spacers. Cobalamin is covalently bound to a first spacer or the cleavable linker via the 5′-OH of the cobalamin ribose ring. The drug is bound to a second spacer of the cleavable linker via an existing or added functional group on the drug. After administration, the conjugate forms a complex with transcobalamin (any of its isoforms). The complex then binds to a receptor on a cell membrane and is taken up into the cell. Once in the cell, an intracellular enzyme cleaves the conjugate thereby releasing the drug. Depending upon the structure of the conjugate, a particular class or type of intracellular enzyme affects the cleavage. Due to the high demand for cobalamin in growing cells, tumor cells typically take up a higher percentage of the conjugate than do normal non-growing cells. The conjugate of the invention advantageously provides a reduced systemic toxicity and enhanced efficacy as compared to a corresponding free drug.
    本发明提供了一种适用于治疗肿瘤相关疾病的钴胺素-药物结合物。钴胺素通过可切割的连接剂间接共价结合到抗肿瘤药物上,还可以通过一个或多个可选的间隔物。钴胺素通过其核糖环的5'-OH与第一间隔物或可切割连接剂共价结合。药物通过其现有或添加的功能基团与可切割连接剂的第二间隔物结合。在给药后,结合物与转钴胺素(其任何同工异构体)形成复合物。然后,该复合物结合到细胞膜上的受体并被细胞摄取。一旦进入细胞,细胞内酶将切割结合物,从而释放药物。根据结合物的结构,特定类别或类型的细胞内酶影响切割。由于生长细胞对钴胺素的需求量较高,肿瘤细胞通常摄取结合物的比例高于正常非生长细胞。本发明的结合物与相应的游离药物相比,具有较低的全身毒性和增强的疗效。
  • [EN] 2-QUINOLONE DERIVED INHIBITORS OF BCL6<br/>[FR] INHIBITEURS DE BCL6 DÉRIVÉS DE 2-QUINOLONE
    申请人:CANCER RESEARCH TECH LTD
    公开号:WO2018215798A1
    公开(公告)日:2018-11-29
    The present invention relates to compounds of formula I that function as inhibitors of BCL6(B- cell lymphoma 6) activity: Formula I wherein X1, X2, X3, R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each as defined herein. The present invention also relates to processes for the preparation of these compounds, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and to their use in the treatment of proliferative disorders, such as cancer,as well as other diseases or conditions in which BCL6 activity is implicated.
    本发明涉及作为BCL6(B细胞淋巴瘤6)活性抑制剂的I式化合物:式中X1、X2、X3、R1、R2、R3、R4和R5分别如本文所定义。本发明还涉及制备这些化合物的方法,包括含有它们的药物组合物,以及它们在治疗增生性疾病(如癌症)以及其他BCL6活性所涉及的疾病或病况中的用途。
  • [EN] SUBSTITUTED N-HETEROCYCLIC CARBOXAMIDES AS ACID CERAMIDASE INHIBITORS AND THEIR USE AS MEDICAMENTS<br/>[FR] CARBOXAMIDES N-HÉTÉROCYCLIQUES SUBSTITUÉS UTILISÉS EN TANT QU'INHIBITEURS DE LA CÉRAMIDASE ACIDE ET LEUR UTILISATION EN TANT QUE MÉDICAMENTS
    申请人:BIAL BIOTECH INVEST INC
    公开号:WO2021055627A1
    公开(公告)日:2021-03-25
    The invention provides substituted N-heterocyclic carboxamides and related compounds, compositions containing such compounds, medical kits, and methods for using such compounds and compositions to treat a medical disorder, e.g., cancer, lysosomal storage disorder, neurodegenerative disorder, inflammatory disorder, in a patient.
    这项发明提供了替代的N-杂环羧酰胺和相关化合物,含有这些化合物的组合物,医疗工具包,以及使用这些化合物和组合物治疗患者的医疗疾病(例如癌症、溶酶体贮积症、神经退行性疾病、炎症性疾病)的方法。
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