四氯化铱 | 10025-97-5

• 物质功能分类: 无机化工 - 无机盐 - 金属卤化物及卤酸盐
• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 混合金属/非金属化合物 - 过渡金属盐
• 中文名称: 四氯化铱
• 中文别名: 四氯化铱(IV)水合物；水合四氯化铱；一水四氯化铱
• 英文名称: iridium tetrachloride
• 英文别名: iridium(IV) chloride；tetrachloroiridium
• CAS: 10025-97-5
• 化学式: Cl₄Ir
• 分子量: 334.032
• InChiKey: CALMYRPSSNRCFD-UHFFFAOYSA-J

物化性质

• 溶解度：
  溶于水、乙醇
• 颜色/状态：
  Brownish-black mass
• 分解：
  Decomposes at 763 °C. /Iridium Trichloride alpha-form/

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.76
• 重原子数：
  5
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  0

ADMET

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

基本治疗：建立专利气道。如有必要，进行吸痰。观察呼吸不足的迹象，如有需要，协助通气。通过非循环呼吸面罩以10至15升/分钟的速度给予氧气。监测肺水肿，如有必要进行治疗……。监测休克，如有必要进行治疗……。预见并治疗癫痫发作……。对于眼睛污染，立即用水冲洗眼睛。在运输过程中，用生理盐水连续冲洗每只眼睛……。不要使用催吐剂。对于摄入，如果患者能吞咽、有强烈的干呕反射且不流口水，则用水冲洗口腔并给予5毫升/千克，最多200毫升的水进行稀释……。在去污后，用干的无菌敷料覆盖皮肤烧伤……。/毒药A和B/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination... . /Poison A and B/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

高级治疗：对于无意识、严重肺水肿或呼吸停止的患者，考虑进行口咽或鼻咽气管插管以控制气道。使用气囊面罩装置的正压通气技术可能有益。监测心率和必要时治疗心律失常。 ... 开始静脉输液，使用D5W/SRP：“保持开放”，最低流量/。如果出现低血容量的迹象，使用乳酸钠林格氏液。注意液体过载的迹象。考虑使用药物治疗肺水肿。对于伴有低血容量迹象的低血压，谨慎给予液体。注意液体过载的迹象。用地西泮（安定）治疗癫痫。使用丙美卡因氢氯化物协助眼部冲洗。/毒药A和B/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poison A and B/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 人类毒性摘录

氯化合物通过摄入具有毒性或中等毒性，并且对眼睛和皮肤有刺激性。/铱氯化物/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ The chlorides are poison or moderately toxic by ingestion and are eye and skin irritants. /Iridium chlorides/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 人类毒性摘录

这篇文章报告了一名不吸烟且非特应性体质的男性，在工作过程中暴露于铱氯化物后，出现了呼吸道症状和接触性荨麻疹。将铱盐涂抹于正常皮肤上引起了接触性荨麻疹。铱氯化物的刺痛测试显示出阳性反应，划痕测试产生了类过敏反应。通过用六氯铂酸盐溶液进行刺痛测试，排除了铂盐过敏。此前没有报告描述过一个人对铱盐的刺痛测试呈阳性反应，同时对铂盐呈阴性反应的案例。结果被解释为对铱盐的即时型超敏反应（I型过敏？）。致敏途径可能是通过呼吸道。进一步的测试表明，在接触停止后，铱盐过敏可能至少持续18个月。同一家工厂的14名员工用铱和铂盐进行了刺痛测试，结果为阴性。/氯化物/

/CASE REPORTS/ This paper presents the case of a non-smoking and non-atopic male, exposed to iridium chloride at work, who developed respiratory tract symptoms and contact urticaria. Application of iridium salt to normal skin caused contact urticaria. An iridium chloride prick test showed a positive reaction and a scratch test produced anaphylactoid reactions. Platinum salt allergy was excluded through prick testing with hexachloroplatinate solution. There is no previous report describing a case where an individual has a positive prick test reaction to iridium salts and simultaneously a negative one to platinum salts. The results are interpreted as immediate-type hypersensitivity (Type I allergy?) to iridium salt. The route of sensitization was probably through the airways. Further testing showed that iridium salt allergy could persist for at least 18 months after exposure ceases. 14 employees at the same factory were prick tested with iridium and platinum salts with negative results. /Chloride/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 非人类毒性摘录

实验室动物：急性暴露/经口摄入中等毒性

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Moderately toxic by ingestion

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

• TSCA：
  Yes
• 安全说明：
  S26,S36/37/39
• 危险类别码：
  R34
• 危险品运输编号：
  UN 3260
• RTECS号：
  NO3610000
• 危险性防范说明：
  P261,P305+P351+P338
• 危险性描述：
  H302,H315,H319,H335
• 储存条件：
  | 室温 |

SDS

---

Section 1: Product Identification
Chemical Name: Iridium (IV) chloride hydrate
CAS Registry Number: 10025-97-5
Formula: IrCl4.XH2O
EINECS Number: none
Chemical Family: metal halide
Synonym: Iridium tetrachloride

---

Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients
Ingredient CAS Number Percent ACGIH (TWA) OSHA (PEL)
Title Compound 10025-97-5 100% no data no data

---

Section 3: Hazards Identification
Emergency Overview: Irritating to skin, eyes and respiratory tract. Harmful if swallowed.
Primary Routes of Exposure: Contact with skin and eyes. Inhalation of dust.
Eye Contact: Causes mild irritation to the eyes.
Skin Contact: Causes slight irritation of the skin.
Inhalation: Inhalation of dust leads to irritation of the respiratory tract.
Ingestion: Harmful if swallowed.
Acute Health Affects: Irritating to skin, eyes and respiratory tract. harmful if swallowed.
Chronic Health Affects: No information available on long-term chronic effects.
NTP: No
IARC: No
OSHA: No

---

SECTION 4: First Aid Measures
Immediately flush the eyes with copious amounts of water for at least 10-15 minutes. A victim may need
Eye Exposure:
assistance in keeping their eye lids open. Get immediate medical attention.
Wash the affected area with water. Remove contaminated clothes if necessary. Seek medical assistance if
Skin Exposure:
irritation persists.
Remove the victim to fresh air. Closely monitor the victim for signs of respiratory problems, such as difficulty
Inhalation:
in breathing, coughing, wheezing, or pain. In such cases seek immediate medical assistance.
Seek medical attention immediately. Keep the victim calm. Give the victim water (only if conscious). Induce
Ingestion:
vomiting only if directed by medical personnel.

---

SECTION 5: Fire Fighting Measures
Flash Point: not applicable
Autoignition Temperature: none
Explosion Limits: none
Extinguishing Medium: none required
If involved in a fire, fire fighters should be equipped with a NIOSH approved positive pressure self-contained
Special Fire Fighting Procedures:
breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.
Hazardous Combustion and none
Decomposion Products:
Unusual Fire or Explosion Hazards: No unusual fire or explosion hazards.

---

SECTION 6: Accidental Release Measures
To avoid raising dust, small spills may be mixed with diatomaceous earth, sand, vermiculite or other suitable
Spill and Leak Procedures:
inert material and swept up.

---

SECTION 7: Handling and Storage
Handling and Storage: Store solid in a tightly sealed container.

---

SECTION 8: Exposure Controls and Personal Protection
Eye Protection: Always wear approved safety glasses when handling a chemical substance in the laboratory.
Skin Protection: Wear appropriate chemical resistant gloves and protective clothing.
Ventilation: If possible, handle the material in an efficient fume hood.
If in form of fine dust and ventilation is not available a respirator should be worn. The use of respirators
Respirator:
requires a Respirator Protection Program to be in compliance with 29 CFR 1910.134.
Ventilation: If possible, handle the material in an efficient fume hood.
Additional Protection: No additional protection required.

---

SECTION 9: Physical and Chemical Properties
Color and Form: black pwdr.
Molecular Weight: 334.03
Melting Point: dec.
Boiling Point: no data
Vapor Pressure: not applicable
Specific Gravity: no data
Odor: none
Solubility in Water: very soluble

---

SECTION 10: Stability and Reactivity
Stability: air and moisture stable
Hazardous Polymerization: no hazardous polymerization
Conditions to Avoid: none
Incompatibility: active metals
Decomposition Products: none

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SECTION 11: Toxicological Information
RTECS Data: Oral (rat); LD50: 1560 mg/kg.
Carcinogenic Effects: no data
Mutagenic Effects: no data
Tetratogenic Effects: no data

---

SECTION 12: Ecological Information
Ecological Information: No information available

---

SECTION 13: Disposal Considerations
Disposal: Dispose of according to local, state and federal regulations.

---

SECTION 14: Transportation
Shipping Name (CFR): Non-hazardous
Hazard Class (CFR): NA
Additional Hazard Class (CFR): NA
Packaging Group (CFR): NA
UN ID Number (CFR): NA
Shipping Name (IATA): Non-hazardous
Hazard Class (IATA): NA
Additional Hazard Class (IATA): NA
Packaging Group (IATA): NA
UN ID Number (IATA): NA

---

SECTION 15: Regulatory Information
TSCA: Listed in the TSCA inventory.
SARA (Title 313): Title compound not listed
Second Ingredient: none

---

SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

制备方法与用途

性状：棕黑色结晶性粉末

用途：用作催化剂

毒性：急性毒性（大鼠经口）LD50为1560 mg/kg

存贮条件：储存温度2-8℃，充氩保存

敏感性：易吸潮

参考资料：

• http://www.uivchem.com/precious-metal-catalyst/ircl4-[10025-97-5].html
• http://www.chemmade.com/assistant/chemdic/casDetail-10025-97-5.html

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  四氯化铱 在 AgNO₃ 作用下， 以 not given 为溶剂， 生成 silver iridium(IV)-chloride
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, Gmelin Handbook: Ir: MVol., 5.32, page 138 - 141

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  四氯化铱 以 solid 为溶剂， 生成 四氯化铱
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Kamiya, Nobuyuki; Hoshino, Ken-ichi; Ota, Ken-ichiro, Nippon Kagaku Kaishi/Journal of the Chemical Society of Japan

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为试剂：
  描述：

  顺式-3,5-二甲基环己酮 在 盐酸 、 四氯化铱 、 异丙醇 、 三甲基膦 作用下， 生成 CIS,TRANS,TRANS-3,5-DIMETHYLCYCLOHEXANOL
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Characterization of torsional angle effects as the dominant steric effect in the hydroxymercuration of substituted cyclohexenes

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1021/ja00754a036

文献信息

• The Hydrothermal Preparation and Characterization of Platinum Metal Complexes with Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid and Propylenediaminetetraacetic Acid
  作者：Masami Saito、Takashi Uehiro、Yukichi Yoshino

  DOI：10.1246/bcsj.53.3531

  日期：1980.12

  A new method for hydrothermal syntheses of osmium(III), ruthenium(III), iridium(III), and rhodium(III) complexes with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and propylenediaminetetraacetic acid (PDTA) has been developed. More than ten new complexes have been obtained in good yields and characterized by measuring their magnetic susceptibilities, infrared and electronic spectra, and acid-base properties

  开发了一种水热合成锇 (III)、钌 (III)、铱 (III) 和铑 (III) 配合物与乙二胺四乙酸 (EDTA) 和丙二胺四乙酸 (PDTA) 的新方法。已经以良好的收率获得了十多种新配合物，并通过测量它们的磁化率、红外和电子光谱以及酸碱特性对其进行了表征。还描述了铱 (III) 和铑 (III) 配合物的立体化学行为。
• Hydrodesulfurization catalysis by transition metal sulfides
  作者：T PECORARO

  DOI：10.1016/0021-9517(81)90303-1

  日期：1981.2

  effect in the hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene by transition metal sulfides is “electronic,” i.e., it is related to the position the metal occupies in the periodic table. This effect, which determines the ability of the transition metal sulfides to catalyze the HDS reaction, varies over three orders of magnitude across the periodic table. The first-row transition metal sulfides are relatively

  二苯并噻吩被过渡金属硫化物加氢脱硫的主要作用是“电子的”，即，它与金属在元素周期表中的位置有关。该效应决定了过渡金属硫化物催化HDS反应的能力，在整个周期表中变化了三个数量级。第一行过渡金属硫化物是相对惰性的，但是第二行和第三行过渡金属在Ru和Os下表现出最大的活性。HDS活性作为周期性位置的函数会产生典型的“火山”图。
• Preparation and magnetic properties of Ir–Co and La–Zn substituted barium ferrite powders obtained by sol–gel
  作者：J.C. Corral-Huacuz、G. Mendoza-Suárez

  DOI：10.1016/s0304-8853(01)01141-6

  日期：2002.4

  temperature magnetic properties and microstructural characteristics of Ir–Co and La–Zn substituted Ba-ferrites powders prepared for the sol–gel method were investigated. Saturation magnetisation increased with La–Zn substitution in contrast to Ir–Co substitution. La–Zn mixtures were the least effective in reducing coercivity, whilst Ir–Co led to a fast reduction at low levels of substitution.

  摘要 研究了为溶胶-凝胶法制备的 Ir-Co 和 La-Zn 取代的 Ba-铁氧体粉末的室温磁性能和显微结构特征。与 Ir-Co 替代相比，La-Zn 替代增加了饱和磁化强度。La-Zn 混合物在降低矫顽力方面效果最差，而 Ir-Co 在低取代度下导致快速降低。
• Experimental and Theoretical Validation of High Efficiency and Robust Electrocatalytic Response of One-Dimensional (1D) (Mn,Ir)O₂:10F Nanorods for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction in PEM-Based Water Electrolysis
  作者：Shrinath Dattatray Ghadge、Oleg I. Velikokhatnyi、Moni K. Datta、Pavithra M. Shanthi、Susheng Tan、Krishnan Damodaran、Prashant N. Kumta

  DOI：10.1021/acscatal.8b02901

  日期：2019.3.1

  8Ir0.2)O2:10F NRs exhibit low charge transfer resistance (∼2.5 Ω cm2), low Tafel slope (∼38 mV dec–1), low water contact angle (∼18°), high electrochemical active surface area (ECSA ≈ 704.76 m2 g–1), high roughness factor (∼2114), and notable OER performance with ∼6-, ∼2.1-, and ∼2.2-fold higher electrocatalytic activity in comparison to IrO2, (Mn0.8Ir0.2)O2 NRs and a 2D thin film of (Mn0.8Ir0.2)O2:10F

  开发用于动力学迟缓和能量密集型阳极氧气析出反应（OER）的高效，富于地球且具有成本效益的电催化剂，对于实现基于质子交换膜的水电解（PEMWE）的大规模商业化至关重要。本文中，我们报告了一维（1D）纳米棒（NRs）的结果，该纳米棒包含超低含量的贵金属（铱，Ir）和10 wt％掺入氟（F）（Mn 0.8 Ir 0.2）O 2：10F的氟（F）通过简单的水热和湿化学方法合成酸性OER的高效阳极电催化剂。刚合成的（Mn 0.8 Ir 0.2）O 2：10F NRs对OER表现出令人鼓舞的电催化性能，与现有技术IrO 2和许多其他含有贵金属/还原的贵金属的电催化剂相比，具有明显更低的过电势（η）和更高的电流密度。由于存在纳米棒结构的1D通道以及形成含F的固溶体时获得的独特电子结构，因此（Mn 0.8 Ir 0.2）O 2：10F NRs具有较低的电荷转移电阻（〜2.5Ωcm 2）），低Tafel斜率（〜38
• Enhancement in the Charge-Transfer Kinetics of Pseudocapacitive Iridium-Doped Layered Manganese Oxide
  作者：Ryota Saito、Hideki Tanaka、Katsuya Teshima、Daisuke Takimoto、Sho Hideshima、Wataru Sugimoto

  DOI：10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03000

  日期：2022.3.21

  Birnessite manganese oxide is a promising candidate as an electrode material for aqueous supercapacitors owing to its pseudocapacitance associated with fast redox processes. While manganese oxides are semiconductive, the conductivity is much lower than that of typical materials used for capacitive electrodes such as activated carbon or ruthenium oxide. In an attempt to increase the electronic conductivity

  由于其与快速氧化还原过程相关的赝电容，水钠锰矿氧化锰是一种很有前途的水性超级电容器电极材料。虽然锰氧化物是半导体的，但其电导率远低于用于电容电极的典型材料，例如活性炭或氧化钌。为了提高水钠锰矿的电子电导率，合​​成了一种新的固溶体相K y (Mn 1- x Ir x )O 2，​​并研究了Ir掺杂水钠锰矿在Li 2水溶液中的电化学电荷存储能力。 SO 4。结构表征表明，单相 K y(Mn 1– x Ir x )O 2可以合成到x = 0.1。随着 Ir 含量的增加，观察到赝电容电荷的增加。除了赝电容电荷的增加外，还观察到峰值电位的异常变化。Mn 4+ /Mn 3+氧化还原的峰间差异随着Ir含量的增加而减小，表明赝电容过程的可逆性增加。仅通过 Ir 取代观察到峰间差异的减小，而对于 K 0.28 MnO 2和 IrO 2的物理混合物未观察到，表明主体 Mn 离子和取代的 Ir 离子之间存在强烈的电子相互作用。