Photochemical Behavior of Indane-1,2,3-trione in Degassed Alcoholic Solutions: Formation of 3-Substituted Phthalides
作者:Jiro Tatsugi、Tomoaki Hara、Yasuji Izawa
DOI:10.1246/cl.1997.177
日期:1997.2
the major product together with 3-alkoxyphthalides. 3-Alkoxycarbonylphthalides may be derived from the reaction between alcohols and the spirooxiranone intermediate, generated photochemically by cleavage of the bond between two carbonyl groups of indane-1,2,3-trione via a cyclobutenone biradical derivative.
For the preparation of 3-alkoxyphthalides from phthalaldehydes and alcohols, a cyclization reaction in the presence of a rhodium(III) catalyst and copper(II) salt is reported. Cyclization of phthalaldehydes also occurs with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds under similar conditions to produce 3-substituted phthalides in good yields. An acylrhodium(III) species might be a key intermediate in these cyclization
The present invention provides compounds having formula (I):
and pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof, wherein R
1
-R
4
, n, p, A, B, D, E, L and AR
1
are as described generally and in classes and subclasses herein, and additionally provides pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods for the use thereof for the treatment of disorders mediated by the CD11/CD18 family of cellular adhesion molecules (e.g., LFA-1).
The present invention provides compounds having formula (I):
and pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof, wherein R
1
-R
4
, n, p, A, B, D, E, L and AR
1
are as described generally and in classes and subclasses herein, and additionally provides pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods for the use thereof for the treatment of disorders mediated by the CD11/CD18 family of cellular adhesion molecules (e.g., LFA-1).
A bathing preparation comprising an alkyl phthalide and/or an alkoxy phthalide and/or an alkylidene phthalide optionally together with carbon dioxide gas or a material capable of generating carbon dioxide gas and an extract of a plant belonging to the family Umbelliferae is disclosed. This bathing preparation has excellent effects of warming, retaining the warmth and accelerating blood circulation.