毒理性
◉ 母乳喂养期间使用总结：有限的信息表明，氨苄西林-舒巴坦在乳汁中产生的水平较低，预计不会对哺乳婴儿造成不良影响。偶尔有报道称，使用青霉素会破坏婴儿的胃肠道菌群，导致腹泻或鹅口疮，但这些影响尚未得到充分评估。氨苄西林-舒巴坦对哺乳母亲是可接受的。
◉ 对哺乳婴儿的影响：截至修订日期，未找到关于氨苄西林和舒巴坦的相关已发布信息；然而，有关于仅使用氨苄西林的数据。在一项前瞻性随访研究中，5位哺乳母亲报告称服用了口服氨苄西林（剂量未指定）。一位母亲报告其婴儿出现腹泻。在暴露的婴儿中没有报道出现皮疹或念珠菌病。
一项小型、对照的前瞻性研究中，让母亲监测她们的婴儿是否有不良反应的迹象（舌头起毛、喂养困难、大便频率和质地的变化、尿布疹和皮肤疹）。还记录了体重变化和黄疸的发展。在这些参数上，对照组母亲的婴儿和服用口服氨苄西林的母亲们的婴儿之间没有发现统计学差异。
◉ 对泌乳和母乳的影响：截至修订日期，未找到相关已发布信息。
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation:Limited information indicates that ampicillin-sulbactam produces low levels in milk that are not expected to cause adverse effects in breastfed infants. Occasionally, disruption of the infant's gastrointestinal flora, resulting in diarrhea or thrush, have been reported with penicillins, but these effects have not been adequately evaluated. Ampicillin-sulbactam is acceptable in nursing mothers.
◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants:Relevant published information on ampicillin and sulbactam was not found as of the revision date; however, there are data on ampicillin alone. In a prospective follow-up study, 5 nursing mothers reported taking oral ampicillin (dosage unspecified). One mother reported diarrhea in her infant. No rashes or candidiasis were reported among the exposed infants.
A small, controlled, prospective study had mothers monitor their infants for signs of adverse effects (furring of the tongue, feeding difficulties, changes in stool frequency and consistency, diaper rash, and skin rash). Weight change and the development of jaundice were also recorded. No statistical differences in these parameters were found between the infants of the control mothers and those of mothers taking oral ampicillin.
◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk:Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.
来源:Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)
