The total synthesis and assignment of absolute configuration of (-)-aplaminal (1), a cytotoxic metabolite from a sea hare possessing a triazobicyclo[3.2.1]octane skeleton, has been achieved. The synthesis entailed condensation of a monoprotected diamine (3) with dimethyl 2-oxomalonate (4) to generate the imidazolidine core (2). Introduction of the third nitrogen via Mitsunobu activation and azide displacement, followed by reduction and lactam formation (AIMe(3)), furnished (-)-aplaminal (1). Overall, the synthesis entailed 9 steps and proceeded in 19% overall yield.
The concise totalsynthesis of an unusual alkaloid, aplaminal, has been accomplished. The synthetic feature is the Buchwald–Hartwig cross-coupling between a novel triazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane core and an aromatic bromide. The practicality of our approach provides aplaminal analogs and preliminary structure–cytotoxicity relationships of an aromatic moiety were achieved.
The totalsynthesis of aplaminal having the unique triazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane skeleton was accomplished by using biomimetic oxidative cyclization as a key reaction. This totalsynthesis enabled us to prepare aplaminal analogs with a variety of substituents at para-position in the aromatic ring. We found that an electron-donating group at the para-position enhances cytotoxicity and a hydrogen bond donor