To provide a charging member that can have a uniform electrical resistance, can not easily change in electrical resistance even by any long-term continuous electrification and, as a result thereof, may cause less change in its charging performance with time. A charging member having a conductive support and an elastic-material layer; the elastic-material layer comprising a vulcanized rubber; the vulcanized rubber being a vulcanized product of a composition which comprises i) a binder polymer comprising a polymer having a butadiene skeleton and ii) carbon black as electrically conductive particles; and the polymer having a butadiene skeleton has a molecular terminal modified with an atomic group having a specific structure.
提供一种充电元件,该元件具有均匀的电阻,即使长期连续通电也不易改变电阻,因此其充电性能随时间的变化较小。一种充电元件,具有导电支架和弹性材料层;弹性材料层包括
硫化橡胶;
硫化橡胶是一种组合物的
硫化产物,该组合物包括 i) 粘合剂聚合物,该聚合物由具有
丁二烯骨架的聚合物和 ii) 作为导电颗粒的
炭黑组成;具有
丁二烯骨架的聚合物的分子末端被具有特定结构的原子团修饰。