毒理性
三氟甲烷(FC-23)是一种无色、无味的气体或液化气体。它用作制冷剂、有机合成的中间体、红外探测器细胞的直接冷却剂、聚氨酯泡沫的吹发剂,以及集成电路材料蚀刻气体的组成部分。人类暴露和毒性:五名正常健康的男性志愿者在受试者内、双盲设计的实验中,暴露于10%至60%的FC-23浓度(随机间隔与房间空气和40%氧化亚氮的暴露)。对个案和排名群体数据的分析表明,个体能够耐受30%的FC-23浓度。动物研究:在猫吸入60%的三氟甲烷对大脑血流量、大脑对氧气的代谢率或氧合血红蛋白含量没有影响。在70%时,三氟甲烷使猫的心脏对肾上腺素敏感,但程度远低于40%的氯二氟甲烷,并且在大脑电活动(通过脑电图测量)中只产生了中等程度的改变。在另一项研究中,评估了八只麻醉狒狒急性心脏和中央神经系统的影响。建立了呼吸频率、脑电图和心房率的剂量反应效应,从10%的三氟甲烷开始逐步下降。没有自发心律失常的记录,在任何吸入水平下动脉血压保持不变。静脉注射肾上腺素仅在一只有70%(v/v)三氟甲烷的动物中诱导了短暂的心律失常。三氟甲烷在吸入水平达到30%或更高时似乎会诱导轻度的剂量相关生理变化,表明有麻醉效果。它显著提高了果蝇后代的突变率,超过对照组水平。
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Trifluoromethane (FC-23) is a colorless, odorless gas, or liquefied gas. It is used as refrigerant, intermediate in organic synthesis, direct coolant for infrared detector cells, blowing agent for urethane foams, and component in etch gas for integrated circuits material. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Five normal healthy male volunteers were exposed to concentrations of FC-23 between 10% and 60% (randomly interleaved with exposures to both room air and 40% nitrous oxide) in a within-subjects, double-blind design. Analyses of individual cases and ranked group data showed that individuals tolerated the 30% concentration of FC-23. ANIMAL STUDIES: In cats, inhaled at 60%, trifluoromethane had no effect on cerebral blood flow, the cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen, or oxyhemoglobin content. At 70%, trifluoromethane sensitized the cats' hearts to epinephrine, but to a much lesser degree than 40% chlorodifluoromethane, and produced only moderate changes in cerebral electrical activity as measured by the electroencephalogram. In other study, the acute cardiac and central nervous system effects of trifluoromethane were evaluated in eight anesthetized baboons. A dose-response effect was established for respiratory rate, electroencephalogram, and cardiac sinus rate, which exhibited a stepwise decrease from 10% trifluoromethane. No spontaneous arrhythmias were noted, and arterial blood pressure remained unchanged at any inspired level. Intravenous epinephrine infusions induced transient cardiac arrhythmia in 1 animal only at 70% (v/v) trifluoromethane. Trifluoromethane appears to induce mild dose-related physiological changes at inspired levels of 30% or more, indicative of an anesthetic effect. It significantly increased mutation rates in progeny of Drosophila over control levels.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)