Practical Procedures for the Preparation of <i>N</i>-<i>tert</i>-Butyldimethylsilylhydrazones and Their Use in Modified Wolff−Kishner Reductions and in the Synthesis of Vinyl Halides and <i>g</i><i>em</i>-Dihalides
作者:Michael E. Furrow、Andrew G. Myers
DOI:10.1021/ja049694s
日期:2004.5.1
In this work we develop practical chemistry for the preparation of N-tert-butyldimethylsilylhydrazone (TBSH) derivatives from carbonyl-containing compounds and show that these products serve as superior alternatives to simple hydrazones in Wolff-Kishner-type reduction reactions, in the Barton vinyl iodide preparation, in the synthesis of vinyl bromides, and in the synthesis of gem-diiodides, gem-dibromides, and gem-dichlorides. In our new procedure for silyl hydrazone synthesis, aliphatic and aromatic ketones and aldehydes are shown to undergo highly efficient coupling (typically >95% yield) to form the corresponding TBSH derivatives when combined with equimolar amounts of 1,2-bis(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)hydrazine (BTBSH) and a catalytic quantity of scandium trifluoromethanesulfonate (typically, 0.01 mol %), neat, or in solvent. Optimized procedures are provided for the use of TBSH derivatives in a Wolff-Kishner-type reduction protocol that proceeds at low temperature (23-100 degreesC) and in a single reaction flask. Similarly, protocols for the use of TBSH derivatives as precursors to vinyl halides and gem-dihalides are described in detail.