申请人:Glaxo Group Limited
公开号:US04272438A1
公开(公告)日:1981-06-09
Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of semi-synthetic penicillin antibiotics are described. More particularly an improved process for the preparation of a 6.beta.-acylamino penicillanic acid antibiotic product is described in which 6.beta.-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) is reacted in an inert solvent with a silylating agent to form a silylated compound of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a tri(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)silyl group, and R.sup.2 represents a tri(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)silyl group and the compound of formula (I) is thereafter contacted with an acyl chloride or protected acyl chloride corresponding to the desired 6.beta.-acylamino group, the silyl groups are cleaved and the desired antibiotic product is recovered, silylation being effected using a tri(C.sub.1-6 alkyl) silylurea or tri(C.sub.1-6 alkyl) halosilane and the compound of formula (I) produced being reacted without intermediate isolation with the acyl chloride or protected acyl chloride, wherein acylation is effected in the presence of a hydrogen halide acceptor mixture comprising in excess of 0.15 and preferably up to 3.00 moles of urea per mole of 6-APA; in excess of 0.15, and preferably up to 1.30 moles of bis-tri-(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)silylurea per mole of 6-APA; and in excess of 0.25, and preferably up to 3.30 moles of tri-(C.sub.1-6 alkyl)-ammonium halide per mole of 6-APA. The process is especially useful for the preparation of ampicillin and amoxycillin in high yield and high purity.
本文描述了半合成青霉素类抗生素的制造改进或相关内容。更具体地,描述了一种改进的制备6.beta.-酰胺基青霉烷酸抗生素产品的过程,其中6.beta.-氨基青霉烷酸(6-APA)在惰性溶剂中与硅化试剂反应,形成公式(I)的硅化化合物:##STR1## 其中R.sup.1代表氢原子或三(C.sub.1-6烷基)硅基团,R.sup.2代表三(C.sub.1-6烷基)硅基团,然后将公式(I)的化合物与相应于所需6.beta.-酰胺基的酰氯或保护酰氯接触,裂解硅基团并回收所需的抗生素产品。硅化作用使用三(C.sub.1-6烷基)硅基脲或三(C.sub.1-6烷基)卤代硅烷进行,公式(I)的产物在无中间分离的情况下与酰氯或保护酰氯反应,其中酰化作用在氢卤素酸受体混合物的存在下进行,所述混合物包括超过0.15且优选为每摩尔6-APA的尿素的多达3.00摩尔;超过0.15且优选为每摩尔6-APA的双三(C.sub.1-6烷基)硅基脲的多达1.30摩尔;以及超过0.25且优选为每摩尔6-APA的三(C.sub.1-6烷基)铵卤化物的多达3.30摩尔。该过程特别适用于高产量和高纯度的氨苄青霉素和阿莫西林的制备。