名称:
Identification of Highly Promising Antioxidants/Neuroprotectants Based on Nucleoside 5′-Phosphorothioate Scaffold. Synthesis, Activity, and Mechanisms of Action
摘要:
With a view to identify novel and biocompatible neuroprotectants, we designed nucleoside 5'-thiophosphate analogues, 6-11. We identified 2-SMe-ADP(alpha-S), 7A, as a most promising neuroprotectant. 7A reduced ROS production in PC12 cells under oxidizing conditions, IC50 of 0.08 vs 21 mu M for ADP. Furthermore, 7A rescued primary neurons subjected to oxidation, EC50 of 0.04 vs 19 mu M for ADP. 7A is a most potent P2Y(1)-R agonist, EC50 of 0.0026 mu M. Activity of 7A in cells involved P2Y(1/12)-R as indicated by blocking P2Y(12)-R or P2Y(1)-R Compound 7A inhibited Fenton reaction better than EDTA, IC50 of 37 vs 54 mu M, due to radical scavenging, IC50 of 12.5 vs 30 mu M for ADP, and Fe(II)-chelation, IC50 of 80 vs >200 mu M for ADP (ferrozine assay). In addition, 7A was stable in human blood serum, 412 of 15 vs 1.5 h for ADP, and resisted hydrolysis by NPP1/3, 2-fold vs ADP. Hence, we propose 7A as a highly promising neuroprotectant.