5-Fluoro- and 5-chlorocyclophosphamide: synthesis, metabolism, and antitumor activity of the cis and trans isomers
作者:Allan B. Foster、Michael Jarman、Ryszard W. Kinas、Johannes M. S. Van Maanen、Grahame N. Taylor、John L. Gaston、Ann Parkin、Anthony C. Richardson
DOI:10.1021/jm00144a006
日期:1981.12
comparable to that of cyclophosphamide. However, there was no evidence that the yield of phosphoramide mustard produced by the trans analogues were significantly greater than that from cyclophosphamide following microsomal 4-hydroxylation. Hence, the halogen substituents did not accelerate beta-elimination of acrolein from the acyclic aldehydo tautomers. As expected, the poorly metabolized cis-5-fluoride (9)
为了寻求环磷酰胺(1)的类似物,其通过加速细胞毒性代谢产物磷酰胺芥末的形成而具有改善的抗肿瘤活性,合成了5-氟-和5-氯环磷酰胺的顺式和反式异构体(分别为9、10、11和12)。通过将适当的3-氨基-2-卤代丙烷-1-醇(13或26)与N,N-双(2-氯乙基)磷酰氨基二氯化物(14)缩合来制备。大鼠肝脏微粒体对卤代环磷酰胺的代谢是立体选择性的。顺式异构体(9和11)的代谢较差,而反式异构体(10和12)的代谢效率与环磷酰胺相当。然而,没有证据表明反式类似物产生的磷酰胺芥菜的产率明显高于微粒体4-羟基化后的环磷酰胺的产率。因此,卤素取代基不能促进无环乙醛互变异构体中丙烯醛的β-消除。不出所料,代谢不良的顺式5-氟化物(9)对小鼠的ADJ / PC6肿瘤几乎没有活性。但是,顺式5氯化物(11)的活性与反式异构体(12)相同,并且各自的治疗指数约为1的一半。反式5氟化物(10)的活性低得多,具有ED90值是1的16倍