异氯磷 | 2463-84-5

• 物质功能分类: 化学农药原药 - 杀虫剂 - 有机氯杀虫剂
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 有机硫代磷酸及其衍生物
• 中文名称: 异氯磷
• 中文别名: 异氯硫磷；O-(2-氯-4-硝基苯基)-O,O-二甲基硫化磷酸酯
• 英文名称: dicapthon
• 英文别名: O,O-dimethyl-O-(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)phosphorothioate；dicapthion；thiophosphoric acid O-(2-chloro-4-nitro-phenyl ester)-O',O''-dimethyl ester；Thiophosphorsaeure-O-(2-chlor-4-nitro-phenylester)-O',O''-dimethylester；O-(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl) O,O-dimethyl phosphorothioate；(2-chloro-4-nitrophenoxy)-dimethoxy-sulfanylidene-λ5-phosphane
• CAS: 2463-84-5
• 化学式: C₈H₉ClNO₅PS
• 分子量: 297.656
• InChiKey: OTKXWJHPGBRXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  53℃
• 沸点：
  355.8±52.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  1.499±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)
• 颜色/状态：
  CRYSTALS FROM METHANOL
• 溶解度：
  Water solubility= 14.7 mg/l at 20 °C
• 蒸汽压力：
  3.60e-06 mmHg
• 分解：
  When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of /phosphorus oxides, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and hydrogen chloride/.
• 保留指数：
  1959;1963.9
• 稳定性/保质期：
  在常温常压下保持稳定，应避免与氧化物直接接触。

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  3.6
• 重原子数：
  17
• 可旋转键数：
  4
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.25
• 拓扑面积：
  106
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  6

ADMET

代谢

兔子和老鼠的肝脏微粒体以及家蝇微粒体加上NADPH2和O2与二硫仑一起孵化。在每种情况下，都找到了相应的酚。观察到二硫仑被激活成相应的氧类似物。还观察到一些氧类似物转化为相应的酚……。

RABBIT & RAT LIVER MICROSOMES & HOUSEFLY MICROSOMES PLUS NADPH2 & O2 WERE INCUBATED WITH DICAPTHON. IN EACH CASE, CORRESPONDING PHENOL WAS FOUND. ACTIVATION OF DICAPTHON TO CORRESPONDING OXON ANALOG WAS OBSERVED. SOME CONVERSION OF OXON ANALOG TO CORRESPONDING PHENOL WAS ALSO OBSERVED ... .

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

在大鼠、兔子和苍蝇中产生2-氯-4-硝基苯酚。在大鼠、兔子和苍蝇中产生2-氯-4-硝基苯基二甲磷酸盐。/来自表格/

YIELDS 2-CHLORO-4-NITROPHENOL IN RAT, IN RABBIT, IN FLY. YIELDS 2-CHLORO-4-NITROPHENYL DIMETHYL PHOSPHATE IN RAT, IN RABBIT, IN FLY. /FROM TABLE/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

大鼠总代谢中的相对较高比例涉及磷酸酯的水解，这一点与其他二烷基化合物一样，与二乙基化合物形成对比。

A relatively high proportion of the total metabolism in the rat involves alkyl phosphate hydrolysis, as is true of other dialkyl compounds, in contrast to diethyl compounds.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 副作用

其他毒物 - 有机磷酸酯

Other Poison - Organophosphate

来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

1. 确保气道通畅，如有必要，通过抽吸分泌物来清理。如果呼吸抑制，通过机械辅助肺通气给予氧气。在给予阿托品之前尽可能提高组织氧合，以最小化心室颤动的风险。在严重中毒的情况下，可能需要机械辅助肺通气数天。2. 给予硫酸阿托品静脉注射，如果静脉注射不可能，则肌内注射。在中度到重度中毒的情况下：成人剂量和12岁以上儿童：每15分钟重复给予0.4-2.0毫克，直到达到阿托品化。维持阿托品化，重复给予0.02-0.05毫克/公斤体重的剂量。/有机磷农药/

1. INSURE THAT A CLEAR AIRWAY EXISTS BY ASPIRATION OF SECRETIONS IF NECESSARY. ADMIN OXYGEN BY MECHANICALLY ASSISTED PULMONARY VENTILATION IF RESPIRATION IS DEPRESSED. IMPROVE TISSUE OXYGENATION AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE BEFORE ADMIN ATROPINE TO MINIMIZE RISK OF VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION. IN SEVERE POISONINGS, IT MAY BE NECESSARY TO SUPPORT PULMONARY VENTILATION MECHANICALLY FOR SEVERAL DAYS. 2. ADMIN ATROPINE SULFATE IV, OR IM IF IV INJECTION IS NOT POSSIBLE. ... IN MODERATELY SEVERE POISONING: ADULT DOSAGE AND CHILDREN OVER 12 YR: 0.4-2.0 MG REPEATED EVERY 15 MIN UNTIL ATROPINIZATION IS ACHIEVED. MAINTAIN ATROPINIZATION WITH REPEATED DOSAGE OF 0.02-0.05 MG/KG BODY WEIGHT. /ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

2. 严重中毒者可能对阿托品表现出显著的耐受性；可能需要两倍或更多倍于上述建议的剂量。根据需要控制症状，可以增加阿托品的剂量并缩短给药间隔。当阿托品需求量极大时，可能需要持续静脉输注阿托品。逆转毒蕈碱样症状和体征是期望的终点，而不是任意剂量限制。尽可能使用不含防腐剂的阿托品产品。注意：未被有机磷中毒或仅轻微中毒的人可能会因使用大剂量阿托品而出现阿托品中毒的迹象。发热、肌肉颤动和谵妄是阿托品中毒的主要迹象。如果患者在完全阿托品化时出现这些症状，应暂时停止阿托品的给药，同时重新评估中毒的严重程度。/有机磷杀虫剂/

2. SEVERELY POISONED INDIVIDUALS MAY EXHIBIT REMARKABLE TOLERANCE TO ATROPINE; TWO OR MORE TIMES THE DOSAGES SUGGESTED ABOVE MAY BE NEEDED. THE DOSE OF ATROPINE MAY BE INCREASED AND THE DOSING INTERVAL DECREASED AS NEEDED TO CONTROL SYMPTOMS. CONTINUOUS IV INFUSION OF ATROPINE MAY BE NECESSARY WHEN ATROPINE REQUIREMENTS ARE MASSIVE. REVERSAL OF MUSCARINIC SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS, NOT AN ARBITRARY DOSE LIMIT, IS THE DESIRED END-POINT. PRESERVATIVE-FREE ATROPINE PRODUCTS SHOULD BE USED WHENEVER POSSIBLE. NOTE: PERSONS NOT POISONED OR ONLY SLIGHTLY POISONED BY ORGANOPHOSPHATES MAY DEVELOP SIGNS OF ATROPINE TOXICITY FROM SUCH LARGE DOSES. FEVER, MUSCLE FIBRILLATIONS, AND DELIRIUM ARE THE MAIN SIGNS OF ATROPINE TOXICITY. IF THESE APPEAR WHILE THE PATIENT IS FULLY ATROPINIZED, ATROPINE ADMINISTRATION SHOULD BE DISCONTINUED, AT LEAST TEMPORARILY, WHILE THE SEVERITY OF POISONING IS REEVALUATED. /ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

3. 在给予解磷定之前，抽取（肝素化）血液样本进行胆碱酯酶分析，因为解磷定往往会逆转胆碱酯酶的抑制。4. 在严重中毒的情况下给予解磷定（普罗帕米，2-PAM）……在这些情况下，呼吸抑制、肌肉无力和抽搐都非常严重。成人剂量（以及12岁以上的儿童）：静脉注射1.0-2.0克，每分钟不超过0.2克。儿童剂量（12岁以下）：静脉注射20-50毫克/千克（根据严重程度），每分钟注射的总量不超过一半。剂量……如果需要，可以在1-2小时后重复给药，然后每隔10-12小时给药。在非常严重的中毒情况下，剂量……可以加倍。/有机磷农药/

3. DRAW BLOOD SAMPLE (HEPARINIZED) FOR CHOLINESTERASE ANALYSIS BEFORE ADMINISTRATION OF PRALIDOXIME, WHICH TENDS TO REVERSE THE CHOLINESTERASE DEPRESSION. 4. ADMIN PRALIDOXIME (PROTOPAM, 2-PAM) IN CASES OF SEVERE POISONING...IN WHICH RESP DEPRESSION, MUSCLE WEAKNESS & TWITCHINGS ARE SEVERE. ... ADULT DOSAGE AND CHILDREN OVER 12): GIVE 1.0-2.0 G IV @ NO MORE THAN 0.2 G/MIN. CHILD'S DOSE (UNDER 12 YR): GIVE 20-50 MG/KG (DEPENDING ON SEVERITY) IV, INJECTING NO MORE THAN HALF TOTAL DOSE/MIN. DOSAGE...MAY BE REPEATED IN 1-2 HR, THEN @ 10-12 HR INTERVAL IF NEEDED. IN VERY SEVERE POISONINGS, DOSAGE...MAY BE DOUBLED. /ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

4. 准备好机械辅助呼吸，如果呼吸衰竭。5. 对于皮肤、衣物、头发和/或眼睛接触有机磷污染的患者，必须在进行复苏和解毒措施的同时进行去污处理，以保护生命。6. 如果摄入的量足以引起中毒，必须清空胃和肠道。A. 通过插管、抽吸和灌洗清空胃，使用等渗盐水中的活性炭悬浮液。必须采取严格措施保护呼吸道免受反流的物质吸入。如果受害者昏迷或意识模糊，在进行胃插管前插入带套囊的气管内导管。在胃插管和灌洗过程中，保持受害者头部低于胃部水平。保持受害者头部向左转。/有机磷杀虫剂/

4. BE PREPD TO ASSIST PULMONARY VENTILATION MECHANICALLY IF RESP ... DEPRESSED ... . 5. IN PATIENTS WHO HAVE BEEN POISONED BY ORGANOPHOSPHATE CONTAMINATION OF SKIN, CLOTHING, HAIR, AND/OR EYES, DECONTAMINATION MUST PROCEED CONCURRENTLY WITH WHATEVER RESUSCITATIVE AND ANTIDOTAL MEASURES ARE NECESSARY TO PRESERVE LIFE. ... 6. IF ... INGESTED IN QUANTITY PROBABLY SUFFICIENT TO CAUSE POISONING, THE STOMACH AND INTESTINE MUST BE EMPTIED. A. EMPTY THE STOMACH BY INTUBATION, ASPIRATION, AND LAVAGE, USING SLURRY OF ACTIVATED CHARCOAL IN ISOTONIC SALINE. RIGOROUS PRECAUTIONS MUST BE TAKEN TO PROTECT THE AIRWAY FROM ASPIRATION OF REGURGITATED. IF VICTIM IS UNCONSCIOUS OR OBTUNDED, INSERT A CUFFED ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE PRIOR TO GASTRIC INTUBATION. KEEP VICTIM'S HEAD BELOW LEVEL OF STOMACH DURING GASTRIC INTUBATION AND LAVAGE ... . KEEP VICTIM'S HEAD TURNED TO THE LEFT. /ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

有机磷杀虫剂通过呼吸、胃肠和皮肤途径被吸收进入人体。

/ORGANOPHOSPHORUS INSECTICIDES/ ... ARE ABSORBED INTO BODY BY RESPIRATORY, GASTROINTESTINAL, & CUTANEOUS PATHWAYS. /ORGANOPHOSPHORUS INSECTICIDES/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

总的来说，由于有机磷化合物在体内迅速水解并通过尿液排出，它们通常不会在动物体内积累和储存。

IN GENERAL, BECAUSE OF RAPID HYDROLYSIS & EXCRETION IN URINE, ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPD ARE NOT ACCUMULATED & STORED IN ANIMAL BODY. /ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPD/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

• 危险等级：
  6.1(b)
• 危险品标志：
  Xn
• 安全说明：
  S26,S36
• 危险类别码：
  R21/22
• 海关编码：
  2920190090
• 危险品运输编号：
  2783
• WGK Germany：
  3
• RTECS号：
  TE7875000
• 包装等级：
  III
• 危险类别：
  6.1(b)
• 储存条件：
  密封保存

SDS

第一部分：化学品名称

制备方法与用途

化学性质
白色结晶性粉末，熔点为53℃。它能溶于多数有机溶剂，而不溶于水。

用途
这是一种非内吸性的杀虫杀螨剂，主要用于防治家蝇。

生产方法
该化合物以O,O-二甲基硫化磷酰氯和2-氯-4-硝基酚为原料制得。

类别
农药

毒性分级
高毒

急性毒性
口服：大鼠 LD50 为 284 毫克/公斤；小鼠 LD50 为 331 毫克/公斤

可燃性危险特性
受热分解，产生有毒的氧化磷、氧化硫、氧化氮及氯化物气体。

储运特性
应存放在通风、低温和干燥的库房中，并与食品原料分开储存和运输。

灭火剂
使用砂土、干粉或泡沫进行灭火。

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  异氯磷 在 /BRN= 956566/ 作用下， 以 丙酮 为溶剂， 生成
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Jentzsch,R. et al., Journal fur praktische Chemie (Leipzig 1954), 1977, vol. 319, p. 862 - 870

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2-氯-4-硝基苯酚钠 、 二甲基硫代磷酰氯 生成 异氯磷
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Jentzsch,R. et al., Journal fur praktische Chemie (Leipzig 1954), 1977, vol. 319, p. 862 - 870

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• [EN] MICROBIOCIDAL OXADIAZOLE DERIVATIVES<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS D'OXADIAZOLE MICROBIOCIDES
  申请人：SYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AG

  公开号：WO2017157962A1

  公开（公告）日：2017-09-21

  Compounds of the formula (I) wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, useful as a pesticides, especially fungicides.

  式(I)的化合物，其中取代基如权利要求1所定义，作为杀虫剂特别是杀菌剂有用。
• Thieno-pyrimidine compounds having fungicidal activity
  申请人：Brewster Kirkland William

  公开号：US20070093498A1

  公开（公告）日：2007-04-26

  The present invention relates to thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidine compounds having fungicidal activity.

  本发明涉及具有杀真菌活性的噻吩[2,3-d]-嘧啶化合物。
• [EN] INSECTICIDAL TRIAZINONE DERIVATIVES<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS DE TRIAZINONE INSECTICIDES
  申请人：SYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AG

  公开号：WO2013079350A1

  公开（公告）日：2013-06-06

  Compounds of the formula (I) or (I'), wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, are useful as pesticides.

  式(I)或(I')的化合物，其中取代基如权利要求1所定义的那样，可用作杀虫剂。
• Novel insecticides
  申请人：Syngenta Participations AG

  公开号：EP2540718A1

  公开（公告）日：2013-01-02

  Compounds of formula I wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, and the agrochemically acceptable salts and all stereoisomers and tautomeric forms of the compounds of formula I can be used as insecticides and can be prepared in a manner known per se.

  式I的化合物 其中取代基如权利要求1所定义，并且式I化合物的农药可接受盐以及所有立体异构体和互变异构形式可用作杀虫剂，并且可以按照已知的方法制备。
• Molecules having pesticidal utility, and intermediates, compositions, and processes, related thereto
  申请人：Dow AgroSciences LLC

  公开号：US20180279612A1

  公开（公告）日：2018-10-04

  This disclosure relates to the field of molecules having pesticidal utility against pests in Phyla Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Nematoda, processes to produce such molecules, intermediates used in such processes, pesticidal compositions containing such molecules, and processes of using such pesticidal compositions against such pests. These pesticidal compositions may be used, for example, as acaricides, insecticides, miticides, molluscicides, and nematicides. This document discloses molecules having the following formula (“Formula One”).

  这份披露涉及具有对节肢动物门、软体动物门和线虫门害虫具有杀虫效用的分子领域，用于生产此类分子的过程，用于此类过程的中间体，含有此类分子的杀虫组合物，以及使用此类杀虫组合物对抗此类害虫的过程。这些杀虫组合物可以用作螨虫剂、杀虫剂、螨虫剂、软体动物杀虫剂和线虫杀虫剂。本文件披露了具有以下式（“式一”）的分子。

表征谱图