the JA pathway was rarely investigated for newplant activators. In this study, starting from JA and its analogs, based on the molecular three-dimensional shape and pharmacophore similarity comparison (SHAFTS), a new lead compound, pyrrolidone, as a new scaffold of plant activators was predicted and a series of 1-phenyl-5-pyrrolidone-3-carboxylic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized. The