氯化镍 | 7718-54-9

• 物质功能分类: 无机化工 - 无机盐 - 金属卤化物及卤酸盐
• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 混合金属/非金属化合物 - 过渡金属盐
• 中文名称: 氯化镍
• 中文别名: 氯化亚镍；氯化镍(II)；无水氯化镍
• 英文名称: nickel(II) chloride
• 英文别名: nickel dichloride；dichloronickel；Nickel (II) chloride；nickelous chloride；Nickel chloride；Nickel-63(II) chloride；nickel(2+);dichloride
• CAS: 7718-54-9
• 化学式: Cl₂Ni
• 分子量: 129.596
• InChiKey: QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L

物化性质

• 熔点：
  1001 °C
• 沸点：
  987°C
• 密度：
  3.55 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
• 溶解度：
  可溶于水中
• 暴露限值：
  a/nm
• 物理描述：
  Nickel chloride appears as a brown or green colored solid. Denser than water. Contact may irritate skin, eyes and mucous membranes. May be toxic by ingestion. Used to make other chemicals.
• 颜色/状态：
  Yellow scales; ... golden yellow
• 气味：
  None
• 蒸汽压力：
  1 mm Hg at 671 °C (solid)
• 分解：
  When heated to decomp it emits very toxic fumes of /hydrogen chloride/.
• 稳定性/保质期：
  1. 如果遵照规格使用和储存，则不会分解。
  2. 避免接触氧化物、水分或潮湿。经升华的产品比较稳定，会缓慢吸收水分；粉末状产品易潮解，在空气中迅速变绿，并能溶于水、乙醇、乙二醇和氨水中。
  3. 尼克试剂具有毒性和致癌性，使用时一定要小心谨慎。

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.38
• 重原子数：
  3
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  0

ADMET

代谢

镍对雌性白化大鼠肝脏谷胱甘肽及其还原酶、过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶和γ-谷氨酰转移酶的影响进行了研究。三组大鼠在皮下注射氯化镍16、24或72小时后处死，剂量为200微摩尔/千克。四组大鼠在单次皮下注射50、100、200或400微摩尔/千克氯化镍16小时后处死。单次剂量200微摩尔/千克氯化镍在处理后16小时和24小时增加了谷胱甘肽水平以及谷胱甘肽还原酶和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶的活性。谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和γ-谷氨酰转移酶活性在16小时和24小时降低。酶活性的影响在所有氯化镍水平上都是剂量依赖性的。相对于对照组，50微摩尔/千克时谷胱甘肽水平降低，但随着镍水平的增加而增加。

The effects of nickel on hepatic glutathione and the enzymes glutathione reductase, glutathione-peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, and gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase were investigated in female albino rats. Three groups of rats were sacrificed 16, 24, or 72 hr after a subcutaneous injection of nickel as nickel chloride at a level of 200 micromol/kg. Four groups of rats were sacrificed 16 hr after a single subcutaneous injection of either 50, 100, 200, or 400 micromol/kg nickel chloride. The single dose of 200 micromol/kg nickel chloride increased glutathione levels and glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase activity at 16 and 24 hr post treatment. Glutathione peroxidase and gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase activity were reduced at 16 and 24 hr. The effect on enzyme activity was dose dependent at all levels of nickel chloride. Glutathione levels were decreased at 50 micromol/kg relative to the control values but increased with increasing nickel levels.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

在大鼠的肝脏、肾脏和其他器官中诱导血红素加氧酶是一种非特异性的、对许多金属化合物注射给药的毒性反应。钴和镉离子在大鼠肝脏中尤其能强烈诱导血红素加氧酶；锡离子、镍离子和砷离子在大鼠肾上腺中是有效的诱导剂。大鼠的脾脏、睾丸和大脑对金属诱导的血红素加氧酶活性相对不敏感；在用镉离子处理的大鼠睾丸微粒体中，血红素加氧酶活性显著被抑制。金属诱导血红素加氧酶需要mRNA和蛋白质的新合成，这基于以下实验：1）使用代谢抑制剂（放线菌素D、嘌呤霉素和环己酰亚胺）的实验，以及2）血红素加氧酶mRNA的翻译分析。金属诱导的血红素加氧酶通常会被SH化合物（例如，半胱氨酸和谷胱甘肽）的处理所抑制，并且会被耗尽组织SH水平的试剂（例如，马来酸二乙酯）所增强。DDC的给药在大鼠组织中镍离子诱导血红素加氧酶活性方面产生了显著的协同效应，这部分归因于细胞对镍的摄取增加。在大鼠组织中诱导血红素加氧酶活性，部分归因于细胞对镍的摄取增加。在连续每天用氯化镍处理大鼠的情况下，血红素加氧酶的诱导作用不会持续。

Induction of heme oxygenase in liver, kidney, and other organs of rodents is a nonspecific, toxic response to parenteral administration of numerous metal compounds. Cobalt and cadmium ions are especially potent inducers of heme oxygenase in rat liver; tin ion, nickel ion, and arsenic ion, are potent inducter of enzyme in rat adrenal. Rat spleen testis, and brain are relatively refractory to metal induction of heme oxygenase activity; in testicular microsomes from cadmium ion-treated rats, heme oxygenase activity is markedly inhibited. Metal induction of heme oxygenase requires de novo synthesis of mRNA and protein, based on 1) experiments with metabolic inhibitrors (actinomycin d, puromyci, and cycloheximide) and 2) translation assays of heme oxygenase mRNa. Heme oxygenase induction by metals is generally suppressed by treatments with SH compounds (for example, cysteine and glutathione) and enhanced by agents that deplete tissue SH levels (for example, diethyl maleate). Administration of DDC exerts a pronounced synergistic effect on Ni2+ induction of heme oxygenase activity in rat tissues, attributable in part to enhanced cellular uptake of nickel. Induction of heme oxygenase activity in rat tissues, attributable in part to enhanced cellular uptake of nickel. Induction of heme oxygenase is not sustained during repeated daily treatments of rats with nickel chloride.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

镍主要通过肺和胃肠吸收。一旦进入体内，它会进入血液，在那里与白蛋白、L-组氨酸和_2-巨球蛋白结合。镍倾向于积累在肺、甲状腺、肾脏、心脏和肝脏中。吸收的镍通过尿液排出，而未被吸收的镍则通过粪便排出。(L41)

Nickel is absorbed mainly through the lungs and gastrointestinal tract. Once in the body it enters the bloodstream, where it binds to albumin, L-histidine, and _2-macroglobulin. Nickel tends to accumulate in the lungs, thyroid, kidney, heart, and liver. Absorbed nickel is excreted in the urine, wherease unabsorbed nickel is excreted in the faeces. (L41)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 毒性总结

氯化镍是一种可溶于水的盐。在工作暴露期间，呼吸道吸收伴随后续的胃肠道吸收不溶性及可溶性镍盐是主要的进入途径。大量的吸入物质会在呼吸道粘液清除后随着吞咽进入体内。不良的个人卫生和工作习惯可能会增加胃肠道暴露的风险。经皮吸收在数量上可以忽略不计，但在接触过敏反应的发病机制中很重要。吸收与化合物的溶解度有关，遵循一般关系：镍碳酰 > 可溶性镍化合物 > 不溶性镍化合物。通过吸入途径给予镍的研究有限。在仓鼠和老鼠身上的研究显示，可溶性氯化镍的吸收是迅速的。将氯化镍注射到小鼠和老鼠的腹腔内会导致体温迅速下降。据报道，口服或通过吸入氯化镍会减少甲状腺对碘的摄取。氯化镍影响T细胞系统并抑制自然杀伤细胞的活动。氯化镍的肠外给药据报道会在大鼠和小鼠中引起宫内死亡和减少体重增加。在重复给药后，氯化镍在大鼠中没有诱导腹膜腔肿瘤。另一项研究报告称，在未能在肌肉注射研究中诱导局部肿瘤的氯化镍，在使用重复的腹腔注射测试后，引发了致癌反应。有报道称电镀工人在意外摄入了含有氯化镍的水后出现了镍中毒的病例。

... Nickel chloride is a water soluble salt. ... Respiratory absorption with secondary GI absorption of nickel (insoluble & soluble /salts/) is the major route of entry during occupational exposure. A significant quantity of inhaled material is swallowed following mucocillary clearance from the respiratory tract. Poor personal hygiene & work practices can contribute to GI exposure. Percutaneous absorption is negligible, quantitatively, but is important in the pathogenesis of contact hypersensitivity. Absorption is related to the solubility of the compound, followed the general relationships nickel carbonyl > soluble nickel compounds > insoluble nickel compounds. ... Studies in which nickel was administered via inhalation are limited. Studies on hamsters & rats ... /with/ soluble nickel chloride ... /absorption was/ rapid. ... Nickel chloride injected ip into mice & rats caused a rapid decr in body temperature. Nickel chloride given orally, or by inhalation, has been reported to decr iodine uptake by the thyroid /gland/. ... Nickel chloride affects the T-cell system & suppresses the activity of natural killer cells. Parenteral administration of nickel chloride ... has been reported to cause interuterine mortality & decr weight gain in rats & mice. ... Nickel chloride /did not/ induce tumors of the peritoneal cavity in rats after repeated administration. /Another study reported that/ ... nickel chloride which had not induced local tumors in im studies, were tested using repeated ip administration, ... elicited a carcinogenic response. ... Cases of nickel poisoning ... /have been reported/ in electroplaters who accidentally ingested water contaminated with ... nickel chloride.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 毒性总结

镍已知可以在某些酶中替代其他必需元素，如钙调神经磷酸酶。它具有基因毒性，一些镍化合物已被证明可以促进细胞增殖。镍对染色质蛋白，特别是组蛋白和精蛋白具有高亲和力。镍离子与异染色质的结合会导致包括浓缩、DNA过度甲基化、基因沉默以及组蛋白乙酰化的抑制等一系列变化，这些变化已被证明会干扰基因表达。镍还被证明可以改变几个转录因子，包括低氧诱导转录因子、激活转录因子和NF-KB转录因子。还有证据表明，镍离子可以抑制DNA修复，要么直接抑制DNA修复酶，要么与锌离子竞争结合锌指DNA结合蛋白，导致DNA结构变化，阻止修复酶的结合。镍离子还可以与许多细胞配体结合，包括氨基酸、肽和蛋白质，从而导致氧自由基的产生，诱导碱基损伤、DNA链断裂和DNA蛋白交联。(L41, A40)

Nickel is known to substitute for other essential elements in certain enzmes, such as calcineurin. It is genotoxic, and some nickel compounds have been shown to promote cell proliferation. Nickel has a high affinity for chromatin proteins, particularly histones and protamines. The complexing of nickel ions with heterochromatin results in a number of alterations including condensation, DNA hypermethylation, gene silencing, and inhibition of histone acetylation, which have been shown to disturb gene expression. Nickel has also been shown to alter several transcription factors, including hypoxia-inducible transcription factor, activating transcription factor, and NF-KB transcription factor. There is also evidence that nickel ions inhibit DNA repair, either by directly inhibiting DNA repair enzymes or competing with zinc ions for binding to zinc-finger DNA binding proteins, resulting in structural changes in DNA that prevent repair enzymes from binding. Nickel ions can also complex with a number of cellular ligands including amino acids, peptides, and proteins resulting in the generation of oxygen radicals, which induce base damage, DNA strand breaks, and DNA protein crosslinks. (L41, A40)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 致癌性证据

A4：无法归类为人类致癌物。/镍，可溶性无机化合物（NOS），作为镍/

A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen. /Nickel, soluble inorganic compounds (NOS), as Ni/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 致癌性证据

评估：有足够的人类证据表明硫酸镍具有致癌性，以及镍精炼工业中遇到的镍硫化物和氧化物的组合也具有致癌性。关于金属镍和镍合金的人类致癌性证据不足。在实验动物中，有足够的证据表明金属镍、氧化镍、氢氧化镍和结晶镍硫化物具有致癌性。在实验动物中，对于镍合金、镍茂、镍羰基、镍盐、镍砷化物、镍锑化物、镍硒化物和镍碲化物具有有限的致癌性证据。在实验动物中，对于三氧化二镍、非晶镍硫化物和镍钛酸盐的致癌性证据不足。工作组根据流行病学研究、实验动物致癌性研究以及几种其他相关数据的结果，结合镍化合物在其靶细胞的关键位点可以生成镍离子的基本概念，对镍化合物这一组进行了整体评估。总体评估：镍化合物对人类具有致癌性（第1组）。金属镍可能对人类具有致癌性（第2B组）。/镍化合物/

Evaluation: There is sufficient evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of nickel sulfate, and of the combinations of nickel sulfides and oxides encountered in the nickel refining industry. There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of metallic nickel and nickel alloys. There is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of metallic nickel, nickel monoxides, nickel hydroxides and crystalline nickel sulfides. There is limited evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of nickel alloys, nickelocene, nickel carbonyl, nickel salts, nickel arsenides, nickel antimonide, nickel selenides and nickel telluride. There is inadequate evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of nickel trioxide, amorphous nickel sulfide and nickel titanate. The Working Group made the overall evaluation on nickel compounds as a group on the basis of the combined results of epidemiological studies, carcinogenicity studies in experimental animals, and several types of other relevant data, supported by the underlying concept that nickel compounds can generate nickel ions at critical sites in their target cells. Overall evaluation: Nickel compounds are carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). Metallic nickel is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). /Nickel compounds/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

1, 对人类致癌。

1, carcinogenic to humans. (L135)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

吸收、分配和排泄

肾脏显示雄性大鼠在气管内注射1毫克氯化镍后6小时内的镍含量最高，其次是肺、肾上腺、肝脏、胰腺、脾脏、心脏和睾丸。

THE KIDNEYS SHOWED LARGEST AMT OF NICKEL/G IN MALE RATS 6 HR AFTER INTRATRACHEAL INJECTION OF 1 MG NICKEL AS NICKEL CHLORIDE, FOLLOWED BY LUNG, ADRENAL, LIVER, PANCREAS, SPLEEN, HEART, & TESTIS IN ORDER.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

TETA，0.75毫摩尔/千克肌内注射给Fischer大鼠，在(63)氯化镍，0.068或0.10毫摩尔/千克腹腔或肌内注射之前立即进行。肾清除率估计大于非螯合(63)镍的20倍。

TETA, 0.75 MMOL/KG IM ADMIN TO FISCHER RATS IMMEDIATELY PRIOR TO (63)NICKEL CHLORIDE, 0.068 OR 0.10 MMOL/KG IP OR IM. RENAL CLEARANCE WAS EST TO BE GREATER THAN 20 TIMES NONCHELATED-(63)NICKEL.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

在大鼠或家兔单次注射氯化镍后（每只动物注射17或816微克镍），镍离子在前两天内迅速从血浆或血清中清除，接下来的五天清除速度较慢。

AFTER SINGLE IP INJECTION OF NICKEL CHLORIDE (17 OR 816 UG NICKEL/ANIMAL, RESP) INTO RATS OR RABBITS, (63)NICKEL ION RAPIDLY CLEARED PLASMA OR SERUM FIRST 2 DAYS & SLOWER NEXT 5 DAYS.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

硫酸镍氯化物...在大鼠气管内注射后迅速清除。到72小时时，90%的注射镍...被排出，主要（75%）通过尿液。...在1毫克镍氯化物的一次气管内注射后6小时，肾脏显示出最高的镍含量（每克）。然后是...肺、肾脏...胰腺、脾脏、心脏、睾丸。

SOL NICKEL CHLORIDE ... RAPIDLY CLEARED AFTER INTRATRACHEAL INJECTION /IN RATS/. BY 72 HR, 90% OF INJECTED NICKEL ... EXCRETED, MAINLY (75%) IN THE URINE. ... 6 HR AFTER /ONE/ INTRATRACHEAL INJECTION OF 1 MG NICKEL CHLORIDE, KIDNEYS SHOWED GREATEST AMT OF NI/G. /THEN/ ... LUNG, KIDNEYS ... PANCREAS, SPLEEN, HEART, TESTES.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

• TSCA：
  Yes
• 危险等级：
  6.1(b)
• 危险品标志：
  T,N
• 安全说明：
  S24,S29,S37,S45,S53
• 危险类别码：
  R45,R25,R50/53,R43
• WGK Germany：
  3
• 海关编码：
  2827350000
• 危险品运输编号：
  UN 3288/9139
• 危险类别：
  6.1(b)
• 包装等级：
  III
• 危险标志：
  GHS06,GHS08,GHS09
• 危险性描述：
  H301 + H331,H315,H317,H334,H341,H350i,H360D,H372,H410
• 危险性防范说明：
  P201,P261,P280,P284,P301 + P310 + P330,P304 + P340 + P312,P308 + P313,P403 + P233
• 储存条件：
  存储在阴凉、干燥的地方。

SDS

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Section 1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE/MIXTURE
Product identifiers
Product name : Nickel(II) chloride
Index-No. : 028-011-00-6
CAS-No. : 7718-54-9

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Section 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
Classification of the substance or mixture
Classification according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 [EU-GHS/CLP]
Carcinogenicity, Inhalation (Category 1A)
Germ cell mutagenicity (Category 2)
Reproductive toxicity (Category 1B)
Acute toxicity, Inhalation (Category 3)
Acute toxicity, Oral (Category 3)
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure (Category 1)
Skin irritation (Category 2)
Respiratory sensitization (Category 1)
Skin sensitization (Category 1)
Acute aquatic toxicity (Category 1)
Chronic aquatic toxicity (Category 1)
Classification according to EU Directives 67/548/EEC or 1999/45/EC
May cause cancer by inhalation. May cause harm to the unborn child. Possible risk of irreversible effects.
Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure
through inhalation. Irritating to skin. May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact. Very toxic to
aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
Label elements
Labelling according Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 [CLP]
Pictogram
Signal word Danger
Hazard statement(s)
Toxic if swallowed.
Causes skin irritation.
May cause an allergic skin reaction.
Toxic if inhaled.
May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled.
Suspected of causing genetic defects.
H350i May cause cancer by inhalation.
H360D May damage the unborn child.
Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure.
Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
Precautionary statement(s)
Obtain special instructions before use.
Avoid breathing dust.
Avoid release to the environment.
Wear protective gloves.
P301 + P310 IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/
physician.
Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/ physician.
Supplemental Hazard none
Statements
Restricted to professional users.
According to European Directive 67/548/EEC as amended.
Hazard symbol(s)
R-phrase(s)
R49 May cause cancer by inhalation.
R61 May cause harm to the unborn child.
R23/25 Also toxic by inhalation and if swallowed.
R48/23 Also toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure
through inhalation.
R38 Irritating to skin.
R68 Possible risk of irreversible effects.
R42/43 May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact.
R50/53 Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in
the aquatic environment.
S-phrase(s)
S53 Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.
S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately
(show the label where possible).
S60 This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste.
S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/ Safety
data sheets.
Restricted to professional users.
Other hazards - none

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Section 3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
Substances
Formula : Cl2Ni
Molecular Weight : 129,60 g/mol
Component Concentration
Nickel(II) chloride
CAS-No. 7718-54-9 -
EC-No. 231-743-0
Index-No. 028-011-00-6

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Section 4. FIRST AID MEASURES
Description of first aid measures
General advice
Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
If inhaled
If breathed in, move person into fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact
Wash off with soap and plenty of water. Take victim immediately to hospital. Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
If swallowed
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water. Consult a physician.
Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
Gastrointestinal disturbance, To the best of our knowledge, the chemical, physical, and toxicological
properties have not been thoroughly investigated.
Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed
no data available

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Section 5. FIREFIGHTING MEASURES
Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Hydrogen chloride gas, Nickel/nickel oxides
Advice for firefighters
Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.
Further information
no data available

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Section 6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Wear respiratory protection. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate
ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust.
Environmental precautions
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the
environment must be avoided.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed
containers for disposal.
Reference to other sections
For disposal see section 13.

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Section 7. HANDLING AND STORAGE
Precautions for safe handling
Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols.Avoid exposure - obtain special
instructions before use.
Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Store in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Specific end uses
no data available

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Section 8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION
Control parameters
Components with workplace control parameters
Exposure controls
Appropriate engineering controls
Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing. Wash hands before breaks and immediately after handling
the product.
Personal protective equipment
Eye/face protection
Face shield and safety glasses Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under
appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection
Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique
(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of
contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.
The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and
the standard EN 374 derived from it.
Full contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: > 480 min
Splash protection
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: > 30 min
test method: EN374
If used in solution, or mixed with other substances, and under conditions which differ from EN 374,
contact the supplier of the CE approved gloves. This recommendation is advisory only and must
be evaluated by an Industrial Hygienist familiar with the specific situation of anticipated use by our
customers. It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.
Body Protection
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected
according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face particle
respirator type N100 (US) or type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering
controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use
respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such
as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

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Section 9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Information on basic physical and chemical properties
a) Appearance Form: powder
b) Odour no data available
c) Odour Threshold no data available
d) pH no data available
e) Melting point/freezing Melting point/range: 1.001 °C
point
f) Initial boiling point and no data available
boiling range
g) Flash point not applicable
h) Evaporation rate no data available
i) Flammability (solid, gas) no data available
j) Upper/lower no data available
flammability or
explosive limits
k) Vapour pressure no data available
l) Vapour density no data available
m) Relative density 3,55 g/mL at 25 °C
n) Water solubility no data available
o) Partition coefficient: n- no data available
octanol/water
p) Autoignition no data available
temperature
q) Decomposition no data available
temperature
r) Viscosity no data available
s) Explosive properties no data available
t) Oxidizing properties no data available
Other safety information
no data available

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Section 10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Reactivity
no data available
Chemical stability
no data available
Possibility of hazardous reactions
no data available
Conditions to avoid
no data available
Incompatible materials
Peroxides
Hazardous decomposition products
Other decomposition products - no data available

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Section 11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Information on toxicological effects
Acute toxicity
LD50 Oral - rat - 186 mg/kg
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/eye irritation
Eyes - rabbit - Mild eye irritation - OECD Test Guideline 405
Respiratory or skin sensitization
May cause allergic respiratory and skin reactions
Germ cell mutagenicity
In vitro tests showed mutagenic effects
Carcinogenicity
This is or contains a component that has been reported to be carcinogenic based on its IARC, OSHA,
ACGIH, NTP, or EPA classification.
Human carcinogen.
IARC: 1 - Group 1: Carcinogenic to humans (Nickel(II) chloride)
Reproductive toxicity
Presumed human reproductive toxicant
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure
no data available
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure
Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure.
Aspiration hazard
no data available
Potential health effects
Inhalation Toxic if inhaled. Causes respiratory tract irritation.
Ingestion Toxic if swallowed.
Skin Toxic if absorbed through skin. Causes skin irritation.
Eyes Causes eye irritation.
Signs and Symptoms of Exposure
Gastrointestinal disturbance, To the best of our knowledge, the chemical, physical, and toxicological
properties have not been thoroughly investigated.
Additional Information
RTECS: QR6475000

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Section 12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Toxicity
Toxicity to fish mortality NOEC - Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) - 4,9 mg/l - 96,0 h
Toxicity to daphnia and EC50 - Daphnia magna (Water flea) - 6,0 - 9,3 mg/l - 48 h
other aquatic
invertebrates
Toxicity to algae EC50 - Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (green algae) - 0,006 - 0,012 mg/l - 96
h
Persistence and degradability
no data available
Bioaccumulative potential
Bioaccumulation Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) - 180 d -1.000 µg/l
Bioconcentration factor (BCF): 4
Mobility in soil
no data available
Results of PBT and vPvB assessment
no data available
Other adverse effects
Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.

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Section 13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Waste treatment methods
Product
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Dissolve or mix the material
with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber.
Contaminated packaging
Dispose of as unused product.

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Section 14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION
UN number
ADR/RID: 3288 IMDG: 3288 IATA: 3288
UN proper shipping name
ADR/RID: TOXIC SOLID, INORGANIC, N.O.S. (Nickel(II) chloride)
IMDG: TOXIC SOLID, INORGANIC, N.O.S. (Nickel(II) chloride)
IATA: Toxic solid, inorganic, n.o.s. (Nickel(II) chloride)
Transport hazard class(es)
ADR/RID: 6.1 IMDG: 6.1 IATA: 6.1
Packaging group
ADR/RID: III IMDG: III IATA: III
Environmental hazards
ADR/RID: yes IMDG Marine pollutant: yes IATA: no
Special precautions for user
no data available

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Section 15. REGULATORY INFORMATION
This safety datasheet complies with the requirements of Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006.
Safety, health and environmental regulations/legislation specific for the substance or mixture
no data available
Chemical Safety Assessment

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SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

制备方法与用途

概述

常温下氯化镍为绿色或草绿色单斜棱柱状结晶。它在干燥空气中会风化，在潮湿空气中潮解。在真空中升华时，它能很快吸收氨；受热失去部分结晶水，超过140℃时完全失去结晶水成为黄棕色无水氯化镍。易溶于水、乙醇和氨水，其水溶液呈酸性。

化学工业应用

化学工业广泛用于制造各种镍化合物、防腐剂及化学反应的催化剂，还用于制作隐显墨水，电镀工业中用作镀镍，分析化学中作为分析试剂等。无水物则可用作防毒面具中的氨吸收剂。

理化性质

• 无水氯化镍：黄色固体，熔点1001℃，密度3.550 g/cm³，能溶于水和醇，不溶于大多数有机溶剂。
• 带结晶水的水合氯化镍：绿色固体。

化学反应

• 氯化镍可作为温和的路易斯酸参与多种化学反应，并催化实现偶联反应。在配合金属氢化物的作用下，还能作为还原试剂进行选择性还原。
• 在醇水溶液中，二烯醇在氯化镍作用下的区域选择性重排反应可获得高产率，而质子酸则可能导致脱氢产物。
• 氯化镍能通过与氢化铝锂等还原试剂的反应实现多种官能团的选择性还原，如将烯烃还原为烷烃、炔烃转化为顺式烯烃及N-O键断裂等。
• 作为路易斯酸，氯化镍还催化氰基三甲基硅与α,β-不饱和缩醛的反应，生成相应的α-氰基衍生物。
• 在二氯化铬的作用下，氯化镍有效实现醛与乙烯基碘的反应，制备多种烯丙醇化合物。在膦配体的存在下还能催化烯炔偶联反应。

水中溶解度(g/100ml)

不同温度(℃)时每100毫升水中的溶解克数：

• 53.4g/0℃
• 56.3g/10℃
• 66.8g/20℃
• 70.6g/30℃
• 73.2g/40℃
• 81.2g/60℃
• 86.6g/80℃

生产方法

1. 在磨口烧瓶中放入NiCl2·6H2O粉末，注入亚硫酰氯(SOCl2)以覆盖粉末。装上回流冷凝管并加热回流数小时。用水浴蒸去过量的SOCl2，除去沾在产品上的SOCl2可通过反复抽真空进行。
2. 将NiCl2·6H2O置于燃烧管中，在150℃下干燥，通入含有氯气的氯化氢气体，并加热至400℃。待黄色的NiCl2生成后密封反应管的一端，在油泵抽真空的情况下将管子加热到最高温度，使产物升华。为除去HCl，可将升华产物置于KOH上方，在160℃下进行退火处理。

用途

在有机合成中，氯化镍可以作为催化剂用于卤代烷与芳香烃的脱卤反应；无机合成中可用于制备其他金属盐；分析化学领域则用作沉淀剂分离和检测离子。此外，它还可用作电镀液添加剂，制成高精度的镍合金薄膜，并应用于锂离子电池正极材料的制作，提升电池的能量密度及性能。

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  氯化镍 生成 Sodium sulfate-III
  参考文献：
  名称：

  MAKSIN, V. I.;CHERNOVA, L. G.;LAMPEKA, E. G.

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  四氯铝酸钠 生成 氯化镍
  参考文献：
  名称：

  SUDWORTH, JIM, CHEM. AND IND.,(1988) N 3, 77-79

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为试剂：
  描述：

  2-叔丁氧羰基氨基丙烯酸甲酯 在 sodium tetrahydroborate 、 三丁基膦 、 偶氮二甲酸二叔丁酯 、 三(三甲基硅基)硅烷 、 [Ir(dF(CF₃)ppy)₂(dtbbpy)](PF₆) 、 palladium on activated charcoal 、 氢气 、 氯化镍 、 sodium carbonate 、 N,N-二异丙基乙胺 、 三氟乙酸 、 4,4'-二叔丁基-2,2'-二吡啶 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 甲醇 、 乙二醇二甲醚 、 二氯甲烷 、 水 、 乙腈 为溶剂， 80.0 ℃ 、344.75 kPa 条件下， 反应 95.0h， 生成 methyl (R)-3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1-(2-((6-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-9H-purin-9-yl) methyl)-5-chloro-3-cyclobutylphenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  [EN] MLL1 INHIBITORS AND ANTI-CANCER AGENTS
  [FR] INHIBITEURS DE MLL1 ET AGENTS ANTICANCÉREUX

  摘要：

  本发明提供了化合物的结构式(I)：或其对映体、对映体混合物或其药用可接受的盐；其中变量如本文所定义。本发明还提供了包含这些化合物的药物组合物；以及利用这些化合物治疗由混合系谱白血病1（MLL）介导的疾病或症状的方法。

  公开号：

  WO2021053617A1

文献信息

• Triazolone derivatives, use thereof, and intermediates therefor
  申请人：Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited

  公开号：US06489487B1

  公开（公告）日：2002-12-03

  Triazolone derivatives represented by the formula wherein R1 represents optionally substituted C1-10 alkyl, A1—L1—, A1—ON═CA2, etc.; R2 represents hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, etc.; R3 represents C1-6 alkoxy, etc.; one of T, U, and V represents CR4, another represents CH or nitrogen, and the remaining one represents CR5 or nitrogen; and W represents CR6 or nitrogen.

  Triazolone衍生物的化学式如下： 其中R1代表可选择取代的C1-10烷基，A1—L1—，A1—ON═CA2等；R2代表氢，C1-6烷基等；R3代表C1-6烷氧基等；T、U和V中的一个代表CR4，另一个代表CH或氮，剩下的一个代表CR5或氮；W代表CR6或氮。
• Piperidinyl prostaglandin E analogs
  申请人：ALLERGAN, INC.

  公开号：US20040248854A1

  公开（公告）日：2004-12-09

  The present invention provides a method of treating ocular hypertension or glaucoma which comprises administering to an animal having ocular hypertension or glaucoma therapeutically effective amount of a compound represented by the general formula I; 1 wherein X, Y, Z, D and R 3 are as defined in the specification. Also disclosed are compounds comprising 2 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof; wherein A, X, J, and R 3 are as defined in the specification. Also disclosed are compounds having an &agr; and an &ohgr; chain comprising 3 or derivatives thereof, as defined in the specification or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof.

  本发明提供了一种治疗眼压增高或青光眼的方法，包括向患有眼压增高或青光眼的动物施用一定剂量的通式I代表的化合物；其中X、Y、Z、D和R3如规范中定义。还披露了包括2或其药用盐或前药的化合物；其中A、X、J和R3如规范中定义。还披露了具有α和ω链的化合物，包括3或其衍生物，如规范中定义，或其药用盐或前药。
• Treatment of inflammatory bowel disease
  申请人：Old W. David

  公开号：US20050171062A1

  公开（公告）日：2005-08-04

  The present invention provides a method of treating inflammatory bowel disease which comprises administering to an animal having ocular hypertension or glaucoma therapeutically effective amount of a compound represented by the general formula 1; wherein X, Y, Z, D and R 3 are as defined in the specification. Also useful for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease are compounds comprising or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof; wherein A, X, J, and R 3 are as defined in the specification. Also useful for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease are compounds having an α and an ω chain comprising or derivatives thereof, as defined in the specification or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof.

  本发明提供了一种治疗炎症性肠病的方法，包括向患有眼压增高或青光眼的动物施用一定疗效的一般式1代表的化合物；其中X、Y、Z、D和R3如规范中所定义。还可用于治疗炎症性肠病的化合物包括或其药用盐或前药；其中A、X、J和R3如规范中所定义。还可用于治疗炎症性肠病的化合物包括具有α和ω链或其衍生物，如规范中所定义或其药用盐或前药。
• Process for the preparation of unsymmetric biaryl compounds
  申请人：Bayer Aktiengesellschaft

  公开号：US04990647A1

  公开（公告）日：1991-02-05

  Unsymmetric biaryl compounds are prepared by coupling two different halogenoaromatics by reaction with a metal and carrying out the reaction in the presence of catalytic amounts of a nickel compound, a promoter and a phosphorus-containing ligand.

  非对称联苯化合物是通过将两种不同的卤代芳烃与金属反应偶联，并在存在催化量的镍化合物、促进剂和含磷配体的情况下进行反应制备的。
• Cyclobutane benzene derivatives
  申请人：Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter Haftung

  公开号：US05445764A1

  公开（公告）日：1995-08-29

  The invention relates to methylenecyclobutane benzene derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, A.sup.1, Z.sup.1, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, m, V, W, Y and n have the meaning given in claim 1, and to their use as components of liquid-crystalline media for electrooptical displays.

  本发明涉及公式I的亚甲基环丁烷苯衍生物 ##STR1## 其中R.sup.1，A.sup.1，Z.sup.1，L.sup.1，L.sup.2，m，V，W，Y和n的含义如权利要求书1中所述，并将其用作液晶媒介物的组分，以用于电光显示。

表征谱图