We describe the design, syntheses, and structure–activity relationships of novel zwitterionic compounds as nonthiazolidinedion-based peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α/γ dual agonists. In our previous report, we obtained compound 1 showing potent PPARα/γ dual agonistic activities, together with a sufficient glucose-lowering effect in db/db mice. However, this compound possessed an issue, i.e., the 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring was not stable in acidic conditions. Thus, we carried out further optimization to improve the stability while maintaining the other favorable profile features including potent PPARα/γ dual agonistic activity. We addressed the issue by changing the oxadiazole ring to a bioisostere amide group. These amide derivatives were stable in acidic conditions and decreased plasma glucose and plasma triglyceride levels significantly without marked weight gain.
我们描述了新型两性离子化合物的设计、合成及其结构-活性关系,这些化合物作为非
噻唑烷二
酮类过氧化物酶体增殖剂激活的受体(
PPAR)α/γ双重激动剂。在我们之前的报告中,我们获得了化合物1,该化合物显示出强大的
PPARα/γ双重激动活性,同时在db/db小鼠中具有足够的降血糖效果。然而,该化合物存在一个问题,即
1,3,4-噁二唑环在酸性条件下不稳定。因此,我们进行了进一步优化,以提高稳定性,同时保持其他有利的特性,包括强大的
PPARα/γ双重激动活性。我们通过将噁二唑环替换为
生物等排的酰胺基团来解决这一问题。这些酰胺衍
生物在酸性条件下稳定,并显著降低血浆
葡萄糖和血浆
甘油三酯水平,且无明显体重增加。