Hydrogen phosphates: Self initiated organocatalysts for the controlled ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters
摘要:
A series of arylhydrogenphosphates and aryldihydrogenphosphates was synthesized and characterized using spectroscopic methods and single crystal X-ray diffraction. These compounds were assessed as catalysts towards the ring-opening polymerization and proved to be potent organocatalysts for the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters. The bulk polymerizations were performed in the absence of external initiator. The polymerization proceeds in a controlled fashion which leads to well defined polyesters with narrow molecular weight distributions. In the post polymerization experiments, kinetics, mechanism and monomer concentration effects were investigated. The kinetic results have confirmed the pseudo-living character of the polymerizations and mechanistic studies suggest that the polymerization operates through a cationic mechanism. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Hydrogen phosphates: Self initiated organocatalysts for the controlled ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters
摘要:
A series of arylhydrogenphosphates and aryldihydrogenphosphates was synthesized and characterized using spectroscopic methods and single crystal X-ray diffraction. These compounds were assessed as catalysts towards the ring-opening polymerization and proved to be potent organocatalysts for the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters. The bulk polymerizations were performed in the absence of external initiator. The polymerization proceeds in a controlled fashion which leads to well defined polyesters with narrow molecular weight distributions. In the post polymerization experiments, kinetics, mechanism and monomer concentration effects were investigated. The kinetic results have confirmed the pseudo-living character of the polymerizations and mechanistic studies suggest that the polymerization operates through a cationic mechanism. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Flame retardant, additive compositions, and flame retardant polyurethanes
申请人:Hussain Saadat
公开号:US20050113495A1
公开(公告)日:2005-05-26
Provided are new flame retardants and liquid flame retardant additive compositions of low viscosity for use in flexible polyurethane foams. The new flame retardants are the reaction product of at least one brominated aromatic diester diol with at least one alcohol-reactive agent. Preferred liquid flame retardant additive compositions are capable of minimizing visible scorching of the foam during its production. Flexible flame retardant polyurethane foams and methods for their production are also provided. The flame retardant additive compositions are formed at least from a) at least one reaction product of a brominated aromatic diester diol and an alcohol-reactive agent; b) at least one hindered amine antioxidant; and c) at least one phenolic antioxidant in which the phenolic ring is substituted by an alkanoic acid alkyl ester group in which alkanoic acid moiety has in the range of 2 to about 4 carbon atoms and the alkyl group has in the range of about 6 to about 16 carbon atoms.
FLAME RETARDANT, ADDITIVE COMPOSITIONS, AND FLAME RETARDANT POLYURETHANES
申请人:ALBEMARLE CORPORATION
公开号:EP1685176A2
公开(公告)日:2006-08-02
US7153901B2
申请人:——
公开号:US7153901B2
公开(公告)日:2006-12-26
[EN] PROCESS FOR MAKING HYDROCARBYL (DIHYDROCARBYL) PHOSPHATES<br/>[FR] PROCEDE DE FABRICATION DE PHOSPHATES D'HYDROCARBYLE (DIHYDROCARBYLE)
申请人:AKZO NOBEL N.V.
公开号:WO1996017853A1
公开(公告)日:1996-06-13
(EN) Hydrocarbyl (dihydrocarbyl) phosphate compounds can be made by reacting, in aqueous solution, a hydrocarbyl halophosphate with a water soluble salt of a hydrocarbyl diol. The hydrocarbyl moiety derived from the diol can be arylene-containing, such as being derived from resorcinol, hydroquinone, or bisphenol A. The hydrocarbyl halophosphate can be diphenyl chlorophosphate.(FR) Des composés de phosphate d'hydrocarbyle (dihydrocarbyle) peuvent être produits par réaction, dans une solution aqueuse, d'un halophosphate d'hydrocarbyle avec un sel soluble dans l'eau d'un diol d'hydrocarbyle. La fraction d'hydrocarbyle dérivée du diol peut être à base d'arylène, et peut être dérivée du résorcinol, de l'hydroquinone, ou du bisphénol A. L'halophosphate d'hydrocarbyle peut être du chlorophosphate de diphényle.
[EN] FLAME RETARDANT, ADDITIVE COMPOSITIONS, AND FLAME RETARDANT POLYURETHANES<br/>[FR] PRODUITS IGNIFUGES, ADDITIFS IGNIFUGES, ET POLYURETHANES IGNIFUGES
申请人:ALBEMARLE CORP
公开号:WO2005052018A2
公开(公告)日:2005-06-09
Provided are new flames retardants and liquid flame retardant additive compositions of low viscosity for use in flexible polyurethane foams. The new flame retardants are the reaction product of at least one brominated aromatic diester diol with at least one alcohol-reactive agent. Preferred liquid flame retardant additive compositions are capable of minimizing visible scorching of the foam during its production. Flexible flame retardant polyurethane foams and methods for their production are also provided. The flame retardant additive compositions are formed at least from (a) at least one reaction product of a brominated aromatic diester diol and an alcohol-reactive agent; (b) at least one hindered amine antioxidant; and (c) at least one phenolic antioxidant in which the phenolic ring is substituted by an alkanoic acid alkyl ester group in which alkanoic acid moiety has in the range of 2 to about 4 carbon atoms and the alkyl group has in the range of 6 to 16 carbon atoms.