A Class of 5-Nitro-2-furancarboxylamides with Potent Trypanocidal Activity against Trypanosoma brucei in Vitro
摘要:
Recently, the World Health Organization approved the nifurtimox-eflornithine combination therapy for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis, renewing interest in nitroheterocycle therapies for this and associated diseases. In this study, we have synthesized a series of novel 5-nitro-2-furancarboxylamides that show potent trypanocidal activity, similar to 1000-fold more potent than nifurtimox against in vitro Trypanosoma brucei with very low cytotoxicity against human He La cells. More importantly, the most potent analogue showed very limited cross-resistance to nifurtimox-resistant cells and vice versa. This implies that our novel, relatively easy to synthesize and therefore cheap, 5-nitro-2-furancarboxylamides are targeting a different, but still essential, biochemical process to those targeted by nifurtimox or its metabolites in the parasites. The significant increase in potency (smaller dose probably required) has the potential for greatly reducing unwanted side effects and also reducing the likelihood of drug resistance. Collectively, these findings have important implications for the future therapeutic treatment of African sleeping sickness.
An efficient method for the acceleration of the intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction was established utilizing the internal interaction—the internal hydrogen bonding and the internal coordination of a magnesium salt. The intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction between nitrofuran derivatives and various acrylic acid derivatives give good yields of the cycloadducts when internal hydrogen bonding is present. When cyclic α,β-unsaturated amides are employed as dienophile, the corresponding cycloadducts are obtained in high yield utilizing internal coordination of a magnesium salt.
Synthesis of renewable isoindolines from bio-based furfurals
作者:Feng Xu、Zao Li、Li-long Zhang、Shengqi Liu、Hu Li、Yuhe Liao、Song Yang
DOI:10.1039/d2gc04786a
日期:——
Upgrading biomass-derived platforms to functionalized aromatics by a tandem Diels–Alder (DA) cycloaddition–aromatization strategy has attracted broad attention. However, three challenges exist: improving the equilibrium of DA cycloaddition, controlling the regioselectivity of DA adducts, and increasing the stability of the cycloadduct. Herein, an intramolecular cycloaromatization strategy was developed