The Synthesis and Herbicidal Evaluation of Fluorine-Containing Phenoxyacetoxyalkylphosphonate Derivatives
作者:Ting Chen、Ping Shen、Yanjun Li、Hongwu He
DOI:10.1080/10426500600614253
日期:2006.9.1
Compound 5l exhibited notable activity. Results showed that by introducing a fluorine moiety to the parent structure of phenoxyacetoxyalkylphosphonates, a series of new compounds with satisfactory herbicidalactivity could be synthesized. A reasonable combination of a fluorine moiety and other substituents on the benzene ring had a great influence on the herbicidalactivity.
Using the structure of (3,5-dichlorophenyl)aminomethylenebisphosphonic acid as a lead compound, 25 new phosphonates were synthesized and evaluated as possible inhibitors of Arabidopsis thaliana delta(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) reductase. Derivatives substituted in the phenyl ring retained the inhibitory potential, though to a different extent. On the contrary any variation in the scaffold, i.e., the replacement of the second phosphonate moiety with a hydroxyl or an amino residue, resulted in a significant loss of biological activity. The availability of several structures capable of interfering with the catalytic mechanism in the micromolar to millimolar range allowed a proper structure-activity relationship analysis, leading us to hypothesize about the steric and electronic requirements for maintenance or enhancement of the inhibitory properties. Reversal experiments with suspension cultured cells provided evidence for the occurrence of enzyme inhibition in vivo. Because in higher plants the step catalyzed by P5C reductase is shared by all pathways leading to proline synthesis, these compounds may be exploited for the design of new substances endowed with herbicidal activity.
α-Substituted β-Oxa Isosteres of Fosmidomycin: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation
作者:Karin Brücher、Boris Illarionov、Jana Held、Serena Tschan、Andrea Kunfermann、Miriam K. Pein、Adelbert Bacher、Tobias Gräwert、Louis Maes、Benjamin Mordmüller、Markus Fischer、Thomas Kurz
DOI:10.1021/jm300652f
日期:2012.7.26
Specific inhibition of enzymes of the non-mevalonate pathway is a promising strategy for the development of novel antiplasmodial drugs. alpha-Aryl-substituted beta-oxa isosteres of fosmidomycin with a reverse orientation of the hydroxamic acid group were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against recombinant 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (IspC) of Plasmodium falciparum and for their in vitro antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine-sensitive and resistant strains of P. falciparum. The most active derivative inhibits IspC protein of P. falciparum (PfIspC) with an IC50 value of 12 nM and shows potent in vitro antiplasmodial activity. In addition, lipophilic ester prodrugs demonstrated improved P. falciparum growth inhibition in vitro.