申请人:Interx Research Corporation
公开号:US04160099A1
公开(公告)日:1979-07-03
Labile quaternary ammonium salts of the following formula (I) and (II) are provided: ##STR1## wherein ##STR2## represents a tertiary aliphatic amine; wherein ##STR3## represents an unsaturated amine; wherein R represents a member selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 open chain or cyclo alkyl group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkoxyalkyl group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 acyloxyalkyl group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 haloalkyl group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 carboxyalkyl group, a C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 alkenylphenyl group, an aryl group, and a substituted aryl group, whose substituents are selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, an O-lower alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) group, an O-acyl group, a nitro group, a carboxyl group, and a carboethoxy group; wherein R.sub.1 which may be the same or different, represents any member defined by R above with the proviso that R.sub.1 cannot be a hydrogen atom; wherein X is --O-- or --S--; and wherein Y represents a member selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom or any other organic or inorganic monovalent equivalent anion; With the further proviso that ##STR4## respectively cannot represent trimethylamine and pyridine or quinoline when R represents a hydrogen atom and R.sub.1 represents a methyl group or a phenyl group. The compounds described above are characterized by their extreme solubility and resistance to oxidation, dealkylation, and protonation prior to chemical and/or enzymatic hydrolysis. Upon chemical and/or enzymatic hydrolysis, these compounds will "cleave," thus releasing their active constituent or constituents, according to the following general scheme(s): ##STR5## In other words, the title compounds hydrolyze (chemically or enzymatically) releasing a tertiary amine or unsaturated amine derivative, an aldehyde, a carboxylic acid and a hydrogen halide (HX) per the above reaction scheme.
提供以下公式(I)和(II)的不稳定的季铵盐:
其中,##STR2##表示三级脂肪胺;其中,##STR3##表示不饱和胺;其中,R表示从群组中选择的成员,该群组包括氢原子,C.sub.1-C.sub.8开链或环烷基,C.sub.1-C.sub.8烷氧基烷基,C.sub.1-C.sub.8酰氧基烷基,C.sub.1-C.sub.8卤代烷基,C.sub.1-C.sub.8羧基烷基,C.sub.2-C.sub.8烯基苯基,芳基和取代芳基,其取代基选择自卤原子,O-较低烷基(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)基,O-酰基,硝基,羧基和羧乙氧基;其中R.sub.1可以相同或不同,表示由上述R定义的任何成员,但R.sub.1不能是氢原子;其中X为--O--或--S--;Y表示从卤原子或任何其他有机或无机单价等效阴离子中选择的成员;并且还规定当R表示氢原子且R.sub.1表示甲基基团或苯基团时,##STR4##分别不能表示三甲胺和吡啶或喹啉。上述化合物的特点是极易溶解和耐氧化,去烷基化和质子化,在化学和/或酶解水解之前。在化学和/或酶解水解时,这些化合物将“断裂”,从而根据以下通用方案释放其活性成分:##STR5##换句话说,标题化合物水解(化学或酶解)会根据上述反应方案释放三级胺或不饱和胺衍生物,醛,羧酸和氢卤酸(HX)。