申请人:ISIS Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
公开号:US06060592A1
公开(公告)日:2000-05-09
Novel 2- and 4-substituted pyrimidine nucleosides and oligonucleosides are provided, as are methods and intermediates useful in preparing same. In preferred embodiments, one of the 2- and 4-substituents is .dbd.O, .dbd.NH, or .dbd.NH.sub.2.sup.+ and the other is Q, .dbd.C (R.sub.A)--Q, C(R.sub.A)(R.sub.B)--C(R.sub.C)(R.sub.D)--Q, C (R.sub.A).dbd.C(R.sub.C)--Q or C.tbd.C--Q, where R.sub.A, R.sub.B, R.sub.C and R.sub.D independently are H, SH, OH, NH.sub.2, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, or one of (R.sub.A)(R.sub.B) or (R.sub.C)(R.sub.D) is .dbd.O, and Q is halogen, hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkylamine, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl-N-phthalimide, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkylimidazole, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkylbis-imidazole, imidazole, bis-imidazole, amine, N-phthalimide, C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 alkenyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 alkynyl, hydroxyl, thiol, keto, carboxyl, nitrates, nitro, nitroso, nitrile, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, O-alkyl, S-alkyl, NH-alkyl, N-dialkyl, O-aralkyl, S-aralkyl, NH-aralkyl, azido, hydrazino, hydroxylamino, isocyanato, sulfoxide, sulfone, sulfide, disulfide, silyl, O-(hydroxyl protecting group), a leaving group, a heterocycle, an intercalator, a reporter molecule, a conjugate, a polyamine, a polyamide, a polyethylene glycol, a polyether, or a depurination enhancing group.
本发明提供了2-和4-取代嘧啶核苷和寡核苷酸,以及用于制备它们的方法和中间体。在优选实施方式中,2-和4-取代基中的一个是.dbd.O,.dbd.NH或.dbd.NH.sub.2.sup.+,另一个是Q,.dbd.C(R.sub.A)-Q,C(R.sub.A)(R.sub.B)-C(R.sub.C)(R.sub.D)-Q,C(R.sub.A).dbd.C(R.sub.C)-Q或C.tbd.C-Q,其中R.sub.A,R.sub.B,R.sub.C和R.sub.D独立地是H,SH,OH,NH.sub.2或C.sub.1-C.sub.20烷基,或者(R.sub.A)(R.sub.B)或(R.sub.C)(R.sub.D)中的一个是.dbd.O,而Q是卤素,氢,C.sub.1-C.sub.20烷基,C.sub.1-C.sub.20烷基胺,C.sub.1-C.sub.20烷基-N-邻二甲酰亚胺,C.sub.1-C.sub.20烷基咪唑,C.sub.1-C.sub.20烷基双咪唑,咪唑,双咪唑,胺,N-邻二甲酰亚胺,C.sub.2-C.sub.20烯基,C.sub.2-C.sub.20炔基,羟基,硫醇,酮,羧基,硝酸盐,硝基,亚硝基,腈,三氟甲基,三氟甲氧基,O-烷基,S-烷基,NH-烷基,N-二烷基,O-芳基烷基,S-芳基烷基,NH-芳基烷基,叠氮基,肼基,羟胺基,异氰酸酯,亚砜,磺酸酯,硫醚,二硫化物,硅烷基,O-(羟基保护基),离去基,杂环,插入剂,报告分子,共轭物,多胺,多酰胺,聚乙二醇,聚醚,或脱嘌呤增强基。