(R)-α-benzyl-α-methylmalonamic acid | 159835-31-1

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯丙烷和聚酮 - 苯丙酸
• 英文名称: (R)-α-benzyl-α-methylmalonamic acid
• 英文别名: (R)-2-benzyl-2-methylmalonic acid monoamide；(2R)-2-benzyl-2-methylmalonamic acid；(R)-2-benzyl-2-methylmalonamic acid；(2R)-3-amino-2-benzyl-2-methyl-3-oxopropanoic acid
• CAS: 159835-31-1
• 化学式: C₁₁H₁₃NO₃
• 分子量: 207.229
• InChiKey: FPXCPFOGIUPOSY-LLVKDONJSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  424.9±38.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  1.239±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.2
• 重原子数：
  15
• 可旋转键数：
  4
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.27
• 拓扑面积：
  80.4
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  3

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  (R)-α-benzyl-α-methylmalonamic acid 在 sodium hydroxide 、 phosphorus pentoxide 、 potassium carbonate 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 、 甲苯 为溶剂， 生成 (R)-(-)-2-cyano-2-methyl-3-phenylpropionic acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Highly enantioselective synthesis of α,α-disubstituted malonamic acids through asymmetric hydrolysis of dinitriles with Rhodococcus sp. CGMCC 0497Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: full experimental details. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/cc/b2/b210743k/

  摘要：

  报告了表达腈水解酶和酰胺酶活性的 Rhodococcus sp. CGMCC 0497 菌株对δ,δ-二取代丙二腈的高对映选择性水解，得到(R)-δ,δ-二取代丙二酸，这些丙二酸可转化为有价值的(R)-或(S)-δ-烷基化氨基酸。

  DOI：

  10.1039/b210743k
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  (R)-(-)-2-cyano-2-methyl-3-phenylpropionic acid 在 sodium hydroxide 、 双氧水 作用下， 生成 (R)-α-benzyl-α-methylmalonamic acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  高效分离外消旋-2-氰基-2-甲基-3-苯基丙酸。大规模实验室规模对映体合成（S）-α-甲基苯丙氨酸的合适原料

  摘要：

  已经开发了由苯甲醛和氰基乙酸甲酯合成（S）-α-甲基苯丙氨酸的大规模实验室规模。合成是基于以下顺序：（i）外消旋2-氰基-2-甲基-3-苯基丙酸的制备，（ii）使用去甲麻黄碱通过结晶拆分对映异构体，以及（iii）开发有效的对映收敛合成（的小号从对映体纯（）-α甲基苯丙氨酸小号和（ - ）- [R）-2-氰基-2-甲基-3-苯基丙酸。实验程序的简单性，避免了低温反应，需要惰性气氛和柱色谱，再加上使用廉价且容易获得的试剂，使得该方法在合成上非常有吸引力。

  DOI：

  10.1016/s0957-4166(03)00450-6

文献信息

• Microbial whole cell-catalyzed desymmetrization of prochiral malonamides: practical synthesis of enantioenriched functionalized carbamoylacetates and their application in the preparation of unusual α-amino acids
  作者：Li-Bin Zhang、De-Xian Wang、Mei-Xiang Wang

  DOI：10.1016/j.tet.2011.05.103

  日期：2011.8

  malonamides underwent enantioselective desymmetrization reaction to afford high yield of carbamoylacetic acids with moderate to excellent enantioselectivity. The synthetic application has been demonstrated with a multi-gram scale biocatalytic preparation of R-(−)-α-allyl-α-methyl-carbamoylacetic acid and its conversions to varied α,α-disubstituted α-amino acids of the interest of medicinal chemistry

  在非常温和的条件下，由含酰胺酶的微生物全细胞催化剂红球菌红球菌AJ270催化，对许多官能化的手性丙二酰胺进行对映选择性去对称化反应，以高产率得到氨基甲酰乙酸，且具有中等至优异的对映选择性。R -（-）-α-烯丙基-α-甲基氨基甲酰乙酸的多克级生物催化制备及其转化成药用目的各种α，α-二取代α-氨基酸的合成应用已得到证明化学。
• 2-Benzyl-2-methylsuccinic acid as inhibitor for carboxypeptidase A. synthesis and evaluation
  作者：Mijoon Lee、Yonghao Jin、Dong H. Kim

  DOI：10.1016/s0968-0896(99)00110-8

  日期：1999.8

  Recently, Asante-Appiah et al. (Asante-Appiah, E.; Seetharaman, J.; Sicheri, F.; Yang, D. S.-C.; Chan, W. W.-C. Biochemistry 1997, 36, 8710-8715) reported that 2-ethyl-2-methylsuccinic acid isa highly potent inhibitor for carboxypeptidase A (CPA), a prototypic zinc protease. The X-ray crystal structure of the complex of the enzyme formed with 2-ethyl-2-methylsuccinic acid revealed that at the active site of CPA there is present a small cavity which accommodates the methyl group of the inhibitor. These investigators postulated that incorporation of a methyl group at the alpha-position to the carboxylate of existing inhibitors of CPA would improve the inhibitory potency. We have synthesized racemic and optically active 2-benzyl-2-methylsuccinic acids and evaluated their inhibitory activities for CPA to find the K-i values to be 0.28, 0.15, and 17 mu M for racemic form, (R)-, and (S)-enantiomer, respectively. Contrary to the expectation, the effect on the binding affinity by the incorporation of the methyl group is minimal. The validity of the proposition that the small cavity may be utilized for the improvement of the inhibitory potency appears questionable. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
• Realization of the synthesis of α,α-disubstituted carbamylacetates and cyanoacetates by either enzymatic or chemical functional group transformation, depending upon the substrate specificity of Rhodococcus amidase
  作者：Masahiro Yokoyama、Mieko Kashiwagi、Masakazu Iwasaki、Ken-ichi Fuhshuku、Hiromichi Ohta、Takeshi Sugai

  DOI：10.1016/j.tetasy.2004.04.047

  日期：2004.9

  Substrate specificity and enantioselectivity of nitrile hydratase and amidase from R. rhodochrous IFO 15564 has been studied by applying a series of alpha,alpha-disubstituted malononitriles and related substrates. The amidase preferentially hydrolyzed the pro-(R) carbamyl group (amide) of the prochiral diamides, an intermediate resulting from the action of nitrile hydratase in a nonenantiotopic group-selective manner. The introduction of a fluorine atom at the alpha-position caused an inhibitory effect on amidase. By a combination of this microbial transformation and the subsequent Hofmann rearrangement, an important precursor of (S)methyldopa with 98.4% ee has been prepared. For the enzymatically poor substrate, the action on HO3SONO-H2O on the carbamyl group was effective, leaving the cyano group intact. This conversion is demonstrated as the key step for the expeditious preparation of (+/-)-alpha-cyano-alpha-fluoro-alpha-phenylacetic acid (CFPA) from diethyl alpha-fluoro-alpha-phenylmalonate. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
• Practical Synthesis of Optically Active α,α-Disubstituted Malonamic Acids through Asymmetric Hydrolysis of Malonamide Derivatives with <i>Rhodococcus</i> sp. CGMCC 0497
  作者：Zhong-Liu Wu、Zu-Yi Li

  DOI：10.1021/jo026691u

  日期：2003.3.1

  A variety of alpha,alpha-disubstituted malonamides undergo enantioselective hydrolysis with Rhodococcus sp. CGMCC 0497 to give challenging enantiopure alpha,alpha-disubstituted malonamic acids with up to >99% enantiomeric excesses and 98% chemical yields. The enantioselectivity originated from the effects of a highly enantioselective amidase. The products could be converted to valuable (R)or (S)-alpha,alpha-dialkylated amino acids after routine conversions.
• Enantioselective biotransformation of α,α-disubstituted dinitriles to the corresponding 2-cyanoacetamides using Rhodococcus sp. CGMCC 0497
  作者：Zhong-Liu Wu、Zu-Yi Li

  DOI：10.1016/s0957-4166(03)00456-7

  日期：2003.8

  A new application of nitrile-converting enzymes in the synthesis of optically active alpha,alpha-disubstituted-alpha-cyanoacetamides from alpha,alpha-disubstituted-malononitriles with whole cells of Rhodococcus sp. CGMCC 0497 is described. The products were obtained with enantiomeric excesses of up to >99%, and yields of up to 53%. They are very useful chiral intermediates especially for the synthesis of chiral alpha,alpha-disubstituted amino acids but have never been synthesized directly by chemical or enzymatic methods. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.