Disclosed are viologen derivatives as an electrochromic material having improved stability and lifetime, a metal oxide electrode including the same, and an electrochromic device using the viologen derivative as an electrochromic material. The viologen derivative includes a suitable regulator group capable of increasing ΔE that is a potential difference between E
1
(potential at the first redox reaction) and E
2
(potential at the second redox reaction). When ΔE increases, the mole fraction of viologen molecules present in the second reduction state decreases. Therefore, it is possible to lower the mole fraction of viologen molecules present in an irreversibly reduced state at an applied potential, thereby increasing the lifetime of an electrochromic material and an electrochromic device.
本文揭示了作为电致变色材料的
吡啶甲
鸟嘌呤衍
生物,具有改善稳定性和寿命,以及包括这种衍
生物的金属氧化物电极,以及使用该
吡啶甲
鸟嘌呤衍
生物作为电致变色材料的电致变色器件。
吡啶甲
鸟嘌呤衍
生物包括适当的调节基团,能够增加ΔE,即第一次氧化还原反应时的电位E1和第二次氧化还原反应时的电位E2之间的电位差。当ΔE增加时,
吡啶甲
鸟嘌呤分子在第二次还原状态中的摩尔分数减少。因此,可以降低在施加电位时处于不可逆还原状态的
吡啶甲
鸟嘌呤分子的摩尔分数,从而提高电致变色材料和电致变色器件的寿命。