Design, Synthesis, and Structure–Activity Relationship Studies of Tryptanthrins As Antitubercular Agents
摘要:
The natural product tryptanthrin (la) represents a potential lead for new tuberculosis (TB) drugs since tryptanthrin and its synthetic analogues possess potent in vitro activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). However, in spite of their in vitro activity, none of these agents have been shown to be efficacious in vivo against animal models of TB. Described herein are syntheses of new tryptanthrin analogues together with a systematic investigation of their in vitro antitubercular activity and ADME properties followed by pharmacokinetic characterization in rodents for the most promising compounds. Those with the best potency and oral bioavailability were progressed to evaluations of efficacy against acute murine TB. The work aimed to prove the concept that this compound class can limit growth of Mtb during infection as well as to establish the SAR for in vitro activity against Mtb and the range of in vitro ADME parameters for this class of natural products. Novel C-11-deoxy (5b) and A-ring-saturated (6) tryptanthrin analogues were discovered that maintained activity against Mtb and showed improved solubility compared to tryptanthrin as well as evidence of oral bioavailability in rodents. However, neither 5b nor 6 demonstrated efficacy against acute murine TB following administration at doses up to 400 mg/kg daily for 4 weeks. Although 5b and 6 failed to inhibit replication or kill Mtb in vivo, they illuminate a path to new structural variations of the tryptanthrin scaffold that may maximize the potential of this class of compounds against TB.
Design, Synthesis, and Structure–Activity Relationship Studies of Tryptanthrins As Antitubercular Agents
作者:Jae-Min Hwang、Taegwon Oh、Takushi Kaneko、Anna M. Upton、Scott G. Franzblau、Zhenkun Ma、Sang-Nae Cho、Pilho Kim
DOI:10.1021/np3007167
日期:2013.3.22
The natural product tryptanthrin (la) represents a potential lead for new tuberculosis (TB) drugs since tryptanthrin and its synthetic analogues possess potent in vitro activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). However, in spite of their in vitro activity, none of these agents have been shown to be efficacious in vivo against animal models of TB. Described herein are syntheses of new tryptanthrin analogues together with a systematic investigation of their in vitro antitubercular activity and ADME properties followed by pharmacokinetic characterization in rodents for the most promising compounds. Those with the best potency and oral bioavailability were progressed to evaluations of efficacy against acute murine TB. The work aimed to prove the concept that this compound class can limit growth of Mtb during infection as well as to establish the SAR for in vitro activity against Mtb and the range of in vitro ADME parameters for this class of natural products. Novel C-11-deoxy (5b) and A-ring-saturated (6) tryptanthrin analogues were discovered that maintained activity against Mtb and showed improved solubility compared to tryptanthrin as well as evidence of oral bioavailability in rodents. However, neither 5b nor 6 demonstrated efficacy against acute murine TB following administration at doses up to 400 mg/kg daily for 4 weeks. Although 5b and 6 failed to inhibit replication or kill Mtb in vivo, they illuminate a path to new structural variations of the tryptanthrin scaffold that may maximize the potential of this class of compounds against TB.
Tryptanthrin-malononitrile adduct for highly efficient turn-off fluorescent sensing of aniline
(5a) by aniline was studied in detail. Time correlated single photon counting measurements (TCSPC) indicated that the quenching involved both static and dynamic mechanisms without ground state complex formation. The selectivity towards aniline sensing in presence of other amines/aromatics and the anti-interference studies together with the low LOD value indicates the potential of 5a as a molecular probe
详细研究了苯胺对 2-(8-chloro-12-oxo-12 H -indolo[2,1- b ]quinazolin-6-ylidene)-malononitrile ( 5a ) 的荧光猝灭。时间相关单光子计数测量 (TCSPC) 表明猝灭涉及静态和动态机制,没有基态复杂的形成。在存在其他胺/芳烃的情况下对苯胺传感的选择性和抗干扰研究以及低 LOD 值表明5a作为苯胺传感分子探针的潜力,它也不受 pH 值变化的影响。