Metal-Catalyzed Cyclopropene Rearrangements for Benzannulation: Evaluation of an Anthraquinone Synthesis Pathway and Reevaluation of the Parallel Approach via Carbene-Chromium Complexes
摘要:
The reaction of 3-arylcyclopropenes with Cr(CO)(6) and Mo(CO)(6) produces naphthols, in an example of metal-promoted benzannulation. Substituents at C-3 (in addition to aryl) have a strong effect on the success of the process: 3-H derivatives are generally effective, but the yields decrease for 3-alkyl derivatives as the size of the alkyl group increases. The 3,3-diphenyl and 3-cyano derivatives are unreactive. The mechanism is postulated to involve metal-complexed vinyl carbene units, parallel with the benzannulation reaction involving arylcarbene complexes with alkynes. The regioselectivity has been probed with various unsymmetrically 1,2-disubstituted 3-arylcyclopropenes. The results suggest a simple correlation with steric size, consistent with initial cleavage of the cyclopropene sigma bond bearing the smaller substituent. The result of this regioselectivity is a product structure showing a substituent arrangement opposite to that from the carbene-chromium approach; the smaller substituent of the cyclopropyl double bond ends up adjacent to the phenol OH in the product. Catalytic activity at low efficiency was observed, using a Mo(CO)a catalyst. However, the use of Mo(CO)(6) also promotes formation of indenes as significant byproducts at the expense of naphthalenes. Attempts to use the arylcyclopropene rearrangement to convert a 3-(1,4-dimethoxy-2-naphthyl)cyclopropene to an anthraquinone skeleton produced instead a phenanthrene via an unusual substitution for a methoxy substituent. A related example previously reported to produce anthraquinones via the naphthylcarbene-chromium/ alkyne reaction was shown to be in error; the correct structure is again a phenanthrone, and the product is exactly parallel with that observed in the cyclopropene rearrangement. A naphthoquinone substituted with a cyclopropene at C-2 does provide the first example of metal-promoted benzannulation to give an anthraquinone.
[EN] CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS<br/>[FR] COMPOSES CHIMIQUES
申请人:SMITHKLINE BEECHAM CORP
公开号:WO2006002185A1
公开(公告)日:2006-01-05
The present invention relates to novel compounds with a variety of therapeutic uses, more particularly novel naphthalene compounds that are particularly useful for selective estrogen receptor modulation.
Nitrone Directing Groups in Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed C−H Activation of Arenes: 1,3-Dipoles versus Traceless Directing Groups
作者:Fang Xie、Songjie Yu、Zisong Qi、Xingwei Li
DOI:10.1002/anie.201609658
日期:2016.12.5
Functionalizable directing groups (DGs) are highly desirable in C−H activation chemistry. The nitrone DGs are explored in rhodium(III)‐catalyzedC−H activation of arenes and couplings with cyclopropenones. N‐tert‐butyl nitrones bearing a small ortho substituent coupled to afford 1‐naphthols, where the nitrone acts as a traceless DG. In contrast, coupling of N‐tert‐butyl nitrones bearing a bulky ortho
Tantalum (or niobium)-alkyne complexes are produced by treatment of acetylenes with the low-valent tantalum (niobium) derived by zinc reduction of TaCl5 (NbCl5). Substituted 1-naphthols are prepared regioselectively by reaction of o-phthalaldehyde with the tantalum (or niobium)-alkyne complexes in good to excellent yields.
The present invention relates to cycloalkylidene compounds with a variety of therapeutic uses, more particularly novel naphthalene compounds that are particularly useful for selective estrogen modulation.
Naphthalene compounds as selective estrogen receptor modulators
申请人:Glaxo Smith Kline LLC
公开号:US07649093B2
公开(公告)日:2010-01-19
The present invention relates to cycloalkylidene compounds with a variety of therapeutic uses, more particularly novel naphthalene compounds that are particularly useful for selective estrogen receptor modulation.