Substitution of a Haloquinone by Phenols under Pyridine-Free Conditions: Synthetic, Mechanistic, and Solid-State Considerations Involving 2,3-Dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone
摘要:
Benzoquinones fused to heterocycles, like most benzoquinones, have the potential for a wide-array of applications but their inherent reactivity can present a synthetic dilemma. The issue is that a synthesis may target one desired outcome, yet yield a range of side products. In efforts to understand the reaction pathways of haloquinone substitution, while minimizing undesired product formation, four examples of reactions between 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone and phenolic nucleophiles are presented. Two of the products were confirmed and analyzed by X-ray crystallography. The reaction with orcinol was optimized for yield and investigation of this mechanism indicates a novel pathway under pyridine-free conditions.
Water-promoted unprecedented chemoselective nucleophilic substitution reactions of 1,4-quinones with oxygen nucleophiles in aqueous micelles
作者:Vishnu K. Tandon、Hardesh K. Maurya
DOI:10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.05.071
日期:2010.7
Unique nucleophilic substitution and addition reactions of nitrogen and sulfur nucleophiles with 1,4-quinones in aqueous suspension with amines and thiols have recently been demonstrated by us.2 However, the reactivity of oxygen nucleophiles toward nucleophilic substitution compared to nitrogen and sulfur nucleophiles ‘on water’ is not facile. An unprecedented economical, green methodology approach