氟化锂 | 7789-24-4

• 物质功能分类: 无机化工 - 无机盐
• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 均质非金属化合物
• 中文名称: 氟化锂
• 中文别名: 氟化鋰；超干氟化锂；LT-E001；LiF
• 英文名称: Lithium fluoride
• 英文别名: lithium;fluoride
• CAS: 7789-24-4
• 化学式: FLi
• 分子量: 26.0
• InChiKey: PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M

物化性质

• 物理描述：
  OtherSolid
• 颜色/状态：
  Cubic crystals (NaCl lattice) or white fluffy powder
• 沸点：
  1673 °C
• 熔点：
  848.2 °C
• 溶解度：
  0.134 g/100 g water at 25 °C; soluble in acid
• 密度：
  2.640 g/cu cm
• 蒸汽压力：
  1 mm Hg at 1047 °C
• 分解：
  When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /fluoride/.
• 折光率：
  INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.3915

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -5.99
• 重原子数：
  2
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  1

ADMET

毒理性

• 副作用

神经毒素 - 其他中枢神经系统神经毒素

Neurotoxin - Other CNS neurotoxin

来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

基本治疗：建立专利气道（如有需要，使用口咽或鼻咽气道）。必要时进行吸痰。观察呼吸不足的迹象，并在必要时辅助通气。通过非循环呼吸面罩以10至15升/分钟的速度给予氧气。监测肺水肿，并在必要时治疗...。监测休克，并在必要时治疗...。预期癫痫发作，并在必要时治疗...。对于眼睛污染，立即用水冲洗眼睛。在治疗期间用0.9%的生理盐水（NS）持续冲洗每只眼睛...。不要使用催吐剂。对于摄入，如果患者能吞咽、有强烈的咳嗽反射且不流口水，则冲洗口腔并给予5毫升/千克，最多200毫升的水进行稀释...。在去污染后，用干燥的无菌敷料覆盖皮肤烧伤...。/锂及其相关化合物/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during treatment ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Lithium and related compounds/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

高级治疗：对于昏迷、严重肺水肿或严重呼吸困难的病人，考虑进行口咽或鼻咽气管插管以控制气道。使用气囊-阀-面罩装置的正压通气技术可能有益。考虑对肺水肿进行药物治疗...。监测心率和必要时治疗心律失常...。开始静脉输注D5W/SRP：“保持开放”，最小流量/。如果出现低血容量的迹象，使用0.9%生理盐水（NS）或乳酸林格氏液（LR）。对于伴有低血容量迹象的低血压，谨慎给予液体。如果病人在正常液体容量下出现低血压，考虑使用血管加压药。注意液体过载的迹象...。用安定或劳拉西泮治疗癫痫...。使用丙美卡因氢氯化物协助眼部冲洗...。/锂及其相关化合物/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Lithium and related compounds/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

基本治疗：建立专利气道（如有需要，使用口咽或鼻咽气道）。必要时进行抽吸。观察呼吸不足的迹象，并在必要时协助通气。通过非循环呼吸面罩以10至15升/分钟的速度给予氧气。监测肺水肿并视必要进行治疗……。监测休克并视必要进行治疗……。预期可能出现癫痫并视必要进行治疗……。对于眼睛污染，立即用水冲洗眼睛。在运输过程中用0.9%的生理盐水（NS）持续冲洗每只眼睛……。不要使用催吐剂。对于摄入，如果患者能够吞咽、有强烈的呕吐反射且不流口水，则用水冲洗口腔并给予5毫升/千克，最多200毫升的水进行稀释……。在去污染后，用干燥的无菌敷料覆盖皮肤烧伤……。/氟及其相关化合物/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures adn treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Fluorine and related compounds/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

高级治疗：对于昏迷、严重肺水肿或严重呼吸困难的病人，考虑进行口咽或鼻咽气管插管以控制气道。使用气囊面罩装置的正压通气技术可能有益。考虑使用药物治疗肺水肿……监测心率和必要时治疗心律失常……开始静脉输注D5W/SRP：“保持开放”，最低流速/。如果出现低血容量的迹象，使用0.9%生理盐水（NS）或乳酸钠林格氏液（LR）。对于伴有低血容量迹象的低血压，谨慎给予液体。如果病人在正常血容量时出现低血压，考虑使用血管加压药。注意观察液体过载的迹象……用地西泮或劳拉西泮治疗癫痫……使用丙美卡因氢氯化物协助眼部冲洗……/氟及其相关化合物/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Fluorine and related compounds/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

所有可溶性锂化合物都能从胃肠道以及皮下、肌肉和腹腔内储存库迅速吸收，在给药后几分钟内出现在组织液体和器官中。/可溶性锂化合物/

All sol lithium cmpd are readily absorbed from GI tract as well as from sc, im, and ip depots, appearing in tissue fluids and organs within a few min of admin. /Sol lithium cmpd/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

Li+很容易被GI肠道吸收，几乎完全被吸收。在大约8小时内完成吸收，血浆中峰值浓度在口服剂量后2到4小时出现。碳酸锂的缓释制剂提供较慢的吸收速率，从而最小化早期血浆中离子浓度的峰值。然而，吸收可能会有所不同，并且降低肠症状的发生率可能会增加。Li+最初分布在细胞外液中，然后逐渐在各种组织中积累。跨血浆膜的浓度梯度远小于Na+和K+。最终分布体积（0.7到0.9 L/kg）接近总体水，远低于大多数其他亲脂性和蛋白结合的精神类药物。通过血脑屏障的传递很慢，当达到稳态时，脑脊液中Li+的浓度约为血浆中浓度的40%到50%。该离子不会显著结合血浆蛋白。

Li+ is absorbed readily and almost completely from the GI tract. Complete absorption occurs in about 8 hr, with peak concn in plasma occurring 2 to 4 hr after an oral dose. Slow-release preparations of lithium carbonate provide a slower rate of absorption and thereby minimize early peaks in plasma concn of the ion. However, absorption can be variable, and the incidence of lower intestinal tract symptoms may be incr. Li+ initially is distributed in the extracellular fluid and then gradually accumulates in various tissues. The concentration gradient across plasma membranes is much smaller than those for Na+ and K+. The final volume of distribution (0.7 to 0.9 L/kg) approaches that of total body water and is much lower than that of most other psychotropic agents, which are lipophilic and protein-bound. Passage through the blood-brain barrier is slow, and when a steady state is achieved, the concn of Li+ in the cerebrospinal fluid is about 40% to 50% of the concn in plasma. The ion does not bind appreciably to plasma proteins. /Li+/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

LI+ 遵守口服剂量后人体的双室模型动力学。其分布和消除动力学与伴随的阴离子无关，终末消除半衰期约为22小时。

LI+ OBEYS TWO-COMPARTMENT MODEL KINETICS AFTER ORAL DOSES TO HUMAN SUBJECTS. ITS DISTRIBUTION & ELIMINATION KINETICS ARE INDEPENDENT OF THE ACCOMPANYING ANION & THE TERMINAL ELIMINATION T/2 IS ABOUT 22 HR. /Li+/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

大约95%的锂离子单次剂量通过尿液排出。急性剂量的三分之一到三分之二在排出的最初6到12小时内排出，随后在接下来的10到14天内缓慢排出。消除半衰期平均为20到24小时。在重复给药的情况下，锂离子的排泄在前5到6天内增加，直到摄入和排泄之间达到稳态。当锂离子治疗停止时，首先会有一个快速的肾脏排泄期，然后是一个缓慢的10到14天的排泄期。由于过滤的锂离子中有80%被近端肾小管重吸收，肾脏对锂离子的清除率大约为肌酐的20%，在15到30毫升/分钟之间。这在老年患者中略低（10到15毫升/分钟）。

Approximately 95% of a single dose of Li+ is eliminated in the urine. From one- to two-thirds of an acute dose is excreted during a 6- to 12-hr initial phase of excretion, followed by slow excretion over the next 10 to 14 days. The elimination half-life averages 20 to 24 hr. With repeated admin, Li+ excretion incr during the first 5 to 6 days until a steady state is reached between ingestion and excretion. When therapy with Li+ is stopped, there is a rapid phase of renal excretion followed by a slow 10- to 14-day phase. Since 80% of the filtered Li+ is reabsorbed by the proximal renal tubules, clearance of Li+ by the kidney is about 20% of that for creatinine, ranging between 15 and 30 mL/min. This is somewhat lower in elderly patients (10 to 15 mL/min). /Li+/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

• 危险品标志：
  T
• 安全说明：
  S22,S26,S36/37/39,S45
• 危险类别码：
  R25,R32,R23/24/25,R36/37/38
• WGK Germany：
  2
• 海关编码：
  28261900,2826199090
• 危险品运输编号：
  UN 3288 6.1/PG 3
• 危险类别：
  6.1
• RTECS号：
  OJ6125000
• 包装等级：
  III

制备方法与用途

用途

氟化锂LI-7可作为中子吸收材料，用于核反应堆；在有机合成中作为催化剂或反应介质。

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  氟化锂 以56%的产率得到
  参考文献：
  名称：

  HENSEN K.; PICKEL P., LIEBIGS ANN. CHEM., 1980, NO 2, 223-228

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  六氟砷酸锂 生成 氟化锂
  参考文献：
  名称：

  YEN S. P. S.; SHEN D. H.; VASQUEZ R. P.; CARTER B. J.; SOMOANO R. B., PROC. SYMP. LITHIUM BATTERIES, WASHINGTON, D. C., OCT. 9-14, 1983, PINNIN+

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为试剂：
  描述：

  奎宁环 、 N-fluoro-quinuclidinium triflate 、 氟 、 1-Methyl-4-aza-1-azoniabicyclo<2.2.2>octane triflate 、 lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate 在 氟化锂 、 甲醇 作用下， 以 乙腈 为溶剂， -35.0~25.0 ℃ 、359.97 kPa 条件下， 反应 3.0h， 以to give 1-fluoro-4-methyl-1,4-diazoniabicyclo [2,2,2]octane ditriflate (3.10 g, 6.98 mmol, 88%)的产率得到1-Fluoro-4-methyl-1,4-diazoniabicyclo [2,2,2]octane ditriflate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Fluorinated diazabicycloalkane derivatives

  摘要：

  以下为Formula I中的氟化二氮杂环戊烷衍生物：##STR1## 其中n代表0、1或2；R代表季铵化有机基团；每个R.sup.1、R.sup.2、R.sup.3、R.sup.4和R.sup.5独立地代表氢、C.sub.1-C.sub.6烷基、芳基、C.sub.1-C.sub.6烷基取代的芳基或芳基取代的C.sub.1-C.sub.6烷基，每个X.sup.-独立地代表一个配离子或2X.sup.-代表一个单价的二价配离子，是亲电性氟化试剂。

  公开号：

  US05086178A1

文献信息

• Cycloalkylpyrrole-3-carboxylic acid derivatives and heterocycloalkylpyrrole-3-carboxylic acid derivatives
  申请人：Pfizer Inc.

  公开号：US20030069416A1

  公开（公告）日：2003-04-10

  This invention relates to cycloalkylpyrrole-3-carboxylic acid derivatives and heterocycloalkylpyrrole-3-carboxylic acid derivatives that bind with high selectively and/or high affinity to the benzodiazepine site of GABA A receptors. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds and to the use of such compounds in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. This invention also relates to the use of these cycloalkylpyrrole-3-carboxylic acid derivatives and heterocycloalkylpyrrole-3-carboxylic acid derivatives in combination with one or more other CNS agents to potentiate the effects of the other CNS agents. Additionally this invention relates to the use such compounds as probes for the detection of GABA A receptors in tissue samples.

  本发明涉及环烷基吡咯烷-3-羧酸衍生物和杂环烷基吡咯烷-3-羧酸衍生物，这些衍生物与GABAA受体的苯二氮平位点具有高选择性和/或高亲和力。本发明还涉及包含这些化合物的制药组合物以及在中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病治疗中使用这些化合物的方法。此外，本发明还涉及将这些环烷基吡咯烷-3-羧酸衍生物和杂环烷基吡咯烷-3-羧酸衍生物与一个或多个其他CNS药物结合使用以增强其他CNS药物的效果。此外，本发明还涉及将这些化合物用作探针，以检测组织样品中的GABAA受体。
• Process for the preparation of potassium clavulanate from lithium
  申请人：Beecham Group Limited

  公开号：US04255332A1

  公开（公告）日：1981-03-10

  The present invention provides a process for the preparation of potassium clavulanate which process comprises contacting a concentrated solution of lithium clavulanate with a concentrated solution of potassium fluoride, potassium orthophosphate, potassium metaphosphate potassium carbonate or potassium bicarbonate, separating off the resulting precipitated lithium fluoride, lithium orthophosphate, lithium metaphosphate or lithium carbonate and thereafter recovering the potassium clavulanate from solution.

  本发明提供了一种制备克拉维酸钾的方法，该方法包括将浓缩的克拉维酸锂溶液与浓缩的氟化钾、正磷酸钾、偏磷酸钾、碳酸钾或碳酸氢钾溶液接触，分离出产生的沉淀的氟化锂、正磷酸锂、偏磷酸锂或碳酸锂，然后从溶液中回收克拉维酸钾。
• Method for preparing polyhalogenated paratrifluoromethylanilines
  申请人：Aventis CropScience SA

  公开号：US06479703B1

  公开（公告）日：2002-11-12

  The invention concerns a novel method for preparing polyhalogenated paratrifluormethylanilines particularly useful as reaction intermediates for preparing compositions used as insecticides. The products of the inventive method are obtained by the action of ammonia on polyhalogenated para-trifluoromethylbenzene at a temperature ranging between 150 and 350° C. The inventive reaction can be carried out in the presence of an alkaline halide.

  本发明涉及一种新的方法，用于制备聚卤代对三氟甲基苯胺，特别是作为制备用作杀虫剂的组合物的反应中间体。该创新方法的产物是通过在150至350°C的温度范围内，将氨作用于聚卤代对三氟甲基苯乙烯而获得的。该发明反应可以在碱性卤化物的存在下进行。
• Cycloalkypyrrole-3-carboxylic acid derivatives and heterocycloalkylpyrrole-3-carboxylic acid derivatives
  申请人：Yohannes Daniel

  公开号：US06861529B2

  公开（公告）日：2005-03-01

  This invention relates to cycloalkylpyrrole-3-carboxylic acid derivatives and heterocycloalkylpyrrole-3-carboxylic acid derivatives that bind with high selectively and/or high affinity to the benzodiazepine site of GABA A receptors. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds and to the use of such compounds in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. This invention also relates to the use of these cycloalkylpyrrole-3-carboxylic acid derivatives and heterocycloalkylpyrrole-3-carboxylic acid derivatives in combination with one or more other CNS agents to potentiate the effects of the other CNS agents. Additionally this invention relates to the use such compounds as probes for the detection of GABA A receptors in tissue samples.

  本发明涉及环烷基吡咯烷-3-羧酸衍生物和杂环烷基吡咯烷-3-羧酸衍生物，它们与GABAA受体的苯二氮平位点具有高选择性和/或高亲和力。本发明还涉及包含这些化合物的制药组合物以及将这些化合物用于中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病的治疗的用途。本发明还涉及将这些环烷基吡咯烷-3-羧酸衍生物和杂环烷基吡咯烷-3-羧酸衍生物与一个或多个其他CNS药物结合使用以增强其他CNS药物的效果的用途。此外，本发明还涉及将这些化合物用作探针，用于检测组织样品中的GABAA受体。
• PROCESS FOR SYNTHESIS FIPRONIL
  申请人：Gharda Keki Hormusji

  公开号：US20130030190A1

  公开（公告）日：2013-01-31

  The present disclosure relates to a process for trifluoromethylsulfinyl pyrazole compound of formula I, from a compound of formula III, wherein, R, R 1 and R 2 represent a group containing halogen group respectively and R 3 represents a perhaloalkyl.

  本公开涉及一种从公式III的化合物制备公式I的三氟甲基磺酰基吡唑化合物的过程，其中，R、R1和R2分别表示含卤素基团的基团，而R3表示全卤代烷基。

表征谱图