Reaction of β-lactam carbenes with alkyl isonitriles for a ready approach to 4-cyano and 4-carbamoyl substituted β-lactams
摘要:
The reaction of beta-lactam carbenes with alkyl isonitriles was investigated. Two different types of products, 4-cyano- or 4-carbamoyl-beta-lactams, were isolated, depending upon the nature of the alkyl group of the isonitriles. The cyano-beta-lactams were derived by a N-to-C 1,3-rearrangement of the ketenimine intermediates, while the carbamoyl-beta-lactams were the hydrolysis products of the intermediates. This work extends the application of beta-lactam carbenes, and provides a very simple and efficient route to 4-cyano- or 4-carbamoyl-beta-lactams, which are versatile synthetic intermediates and new chemical entities of potential biological activity. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
High Nucleophilicity of Cyclic Amidocarbene toward Aryl Isocyanates, New Approach to Spiro[azetidinone-4,3‘-indolinone] Derivatives
摘要:
The nucleophilic addition of beta-lactam-4-ylidenes 2, a type of ambiphilic cyclic amidocarbene, to aryl isocyanates has been studied and their application in organic synthesis has been demonstrated. Thermolysis of spiro[beta-lactam-4,2'-oxadiazolines] 1 in the presence of aryl isocyanates afforded both N-lactam and O-lactam substituted spiro[azetidine-2-one-4,3'-indole-2'-one] derivatives 5 and 6 in the total yield of 65-86%. Upon hydrolysis, products 5 and 6 were converted into spiro[azetidine-2-one-4,3'-indole-2'-one] 9 that was analogous to known biologically active compounds.
Interaction of β-Lactam Carbenes with Aryl Isonitriles: An Unprecedented Rearrangement of 2-Azetidinonylidene Indoles to δ-Carbolinones
作者:Ying Cheng、Lan-Qing Cheng
DOI:10.1021/jo0700631
日期:2007.3.1
The reaction of, beta-lactam carbenes with aryl isonitriles proceeded in a novel [2 + 2] fashion to give high yields of 2-azetidinonylidene indoles 4, which underwent an unprecedented rearrangement to furnish 4-arylimino-delta-carbolin-2-ones 5 in almost quantitative yields. Acid catalyzed rearrangement and the subsequent hydrolysis of 2-azetidinonylidene indoles 4 produced two types of delta-carbolin-2,4-diones 10 and 11, respectively, in good to excellent yields. The photophysical study showed that both delta-carbolin-2,4-diones 10 and 11 are highly fluorescent with the fluorescent quantum yields being up to 0.43.