芴或杂环稠合的茚基的一般有效合成方法,包括3-噻吩环戊[ a ]茚,9-噻吩[1,2- a ]茚,5,6-二氢茚并[ 2,1- b ]吲哚已经被开发出来。这种方法是由涉及的第一制备多步协议实现邻-formylbiaryls通过铃木-宫浦耦合的ø-溴苯甲醛与芳基硼酸的结合或芳基卤化物与2-甲酰基苯硼酸的偶联,然后进行Brignard加成反应或Lewis酸催化的Friedel-Crafts环化反应,形成所需的芴或茚环。该方法具有许多优点,例如产率高,选择性高,反应条件温和,起始原料容易获得等。
A denitrogenative palladium-catalyzed cascade for regioselective synthesis of fluorenes
作者:Wai Chung Fu、Fuk Yee Kwong
DOI:10.1039/c9sc04062e
日期:——
cascade for the modular and regioselective synthesis of polysubstituted fluorenes. Hydrazone facilitates the Pd(II) to Pd(IV) oxidative addition in a Catellani pathway and is also the methylene synthon in the proposed reaction. Aryl iodides and 2-bromoarylaldehyde hydrazones undergo a norbornene-controlled tandem reaction sequence to give a broad scope of fluorenes in the presence of a palladium catalyst
Highly Efficient and Versatile Synthesis of Polyarylfluorenes via Pd-Catalyzed C−H Bond Activation
作者:Seung Jun Hwang、Hyun Jin Kim、Sukbok Chang
DOI:10.1021/ol901854f
日期:2009.10.15
A facile protocol for the Pd-catalyzed preparative synthesis of fluorene derivatives has been developed. While a wide range of fluorenes; were easily obtained with high efficiency and selectivity under mild conditions, excellent functional group tolerance was also demonstrated. On the basis of Hammett and KIE studies, the present reaction is proposed to proceed via a base-assisted deprotonative metalation pathway.