A practical 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ)-mediated synthesis of 1,3-disubstituted allenes from terminal alkynes and aldehydes under mild conditions in the presence of CuBr first and then ZnI2 was reported. This telescoped allene synthesis reaction includes three consecutive steps and two reactions: first, a room-temperature CuBr-catalyzed synthesis of propargylamines, exo-yne-THIQs, from terminal alkynes, aldehydes, and THIQ then filtration of the CuBr catalyst, and finally the ZnI2-mediated allene synthesis from the generated exo-yne-THIQs under mild conditions (either at room temperature or heating at 50 or 75 degrees C). A wide range of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes and terminal alkynes are tolerated, affording the allene products in up to 92% yield. Especially, temperature-sensitive aldehydes can be used in the reaction system. Preliminary exploration of the asymmetric allene synthesis has also been conducted, and a moderate enantioselectivity has been achieved. Finally, the relative reactivities of several secondary amines were compared with THIQ, showing that THIQ is the best of these amines in the synthesis of allenes under mild reaction conditions.
Copper(I) Halide Promoted Diastereoselective Synthesis of Chiral Propargylamines and Chiral Allenes using 2-Dialkylaminomethylpyrrolidine, Aldehydes, and 1-Alkynes
作者:Ramani Gurubrahamam、Mariappan Periasamy
DOI:10.1021/jo302534f
日期:2013.2.15
Copper bromide promoted reactions of aldehydes, 1-alkynes, and chiral 2-dialkylaminomethylpyrrolidine at 25 °C give the corresponding chiralpropargylamine derivatives in up to 96% yield and 99:1 dr that are readily converted to the corresponding disubstitued chiralallenes in up to 81% yield and 99% ee upon reaction with CuI in dioxane at 100 °C.