基于从发现抗疟疾恶臭酮(OZ277)中获得的见解,我们现在描述了抗疟恶臭恶臭素(OZ439)的构效关系(SAR)。伯氨基仲氧化物和仲氨基臭氧化物比叔氨基臭氧化物具有更高的代谢稳定性,这与它们的较高的p K a和较低的log D 7.4值一致。对于伯氨基臭氧化物,极性官能团的添加降低了体内的抗疟功效。对于仲氨基臭氧化物,其他官能团对代谢稳定性和功效具有可变影响,但该系列中最有效的成员对数D 7.4也最高价值观。对于叔氨基臭氧化物,与H键供体一起添加极性官能团可增加代谢稳定性,但会降低体内抗疟疾功效。具有环烷基和杂环亚结构的伯和叔氨基臭氧化物优于其无环对应物。这些臭氧化物的高疗效最常与高剂量和长时间的血浆暴露相关,但单独暴露并不解释是否存在疗效或体内毒性。
Structure−Activity Relationship of an Ozonide Carboxylic Acid (OZ78) againstFasciola hepatica
摘要:
In this paper, we describe the SAR of ozonide carboxylic acid OZ78 (1) as the first part of our search for a trematocidal synthetic peroxide drug development candidate. We found that relatively small structural changes to 1 resulted most commonly in loss of activity against Fasciola hepatica in vivo. A spiro-adamantane substructure and acidic functional group (or ester prodrug) were required for activity. Of 26 new compounds administered at single 100 mg/kg oral doses to F. hepatica infected rats, 8 had statistically significant worm burden reductions, 7 were partially curative, and 1 (acylsulfonamide 6) was completely curative and comparable to 1 in flukicidal efficacy. This study also showed that the activity of 1 is peroxide-bond-dependent, suggesting that its flukicidal efficacy depends upon hemoglobin digestion in F. hepatica.