Identification of 5-Substituted 2-Acylaminothiazoles That Activate Tat-Mediated Transcription in HIV-1 Latency Models
摘要:
The persistent reservoir of cells latently infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-integrated proviral DNA necessitates lifelong suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). Epigenetic targeted compounds have shown promise as potential latency-reversing agents; however, these drugs have undesirable toxicity and lack specificity for HIV. We utilized a novel HEK293-derived FlpIn dual-reporter cell line, which quantifies specific HIV provirus reactivation (LTR promoter) relative to nonspecific host cell gene expression (CMV promoter), to identify the 5-substituted 2-acylaminothiazole hit class. Here, we describe the optimization of the hit class, defining the functionality necessary for HIV gene activation and for improving in vitro metabolism and solubility. The optimized compounds displayed enhanced HIV gene expression in HEK293 and Jurkat 10.6 latency cellular models and increased unspliced HIV RNA in resting CD4+ T cells isolated from HIV-infected individuals on ART, demonstrating the potential of the 2-acylaminothiazole class as latency-reversing agents.
Efficient Unimolecular Deprotonation of Aniline Radical Cations
作者:Gary W. Dombrowski、Joseph P. Dinnocenzo、Paul A. Zielinski、Samir Farid、Zofia M. Wosinska、Ian R. Gould
DOI:10.1021/jo047813g
日期:2005.5.1
deprotonation as a function of aniline radicalcation pKa (Brønsted plots) demonstrate that the effect is not simply due to a change in the reaction thermodynamics. By combining this stereoelectronic effect with covalent attachment of carboxylate as a base, aniline radicalcations that undergo unimolecular deprotonation with rate constants as high as 108 s-1, even in unfavorable protic media, are described
芳香胺(例如苯胺)的自由基阳离子的去质子化通常比其他裂解反应要慢得多。在这里,我们报告了一种立体电子效应,其中涉及苯胺基团从苯环平面外的扭曲,从而导致去质子化的反应率显着提高。对去质子化速率常数作为苯胺自由基阳离子p K a的函数的定量研究(布朗斯台德图)表明,这种作用不仅仅是由于反应热力学的变化。通过将这种立体电子效应与羧酸盐作为碱的共价结合起来,苯胺自由基阳离子经历了非分子去质子化,速率常数高达10 8 s - 1描述了即使在不利的质子介质中也是如此。
Dual Benzophenone/Copper‐Photocatalyzed Giese‐Type Alkylation of C(sp
<sup>3</sup>
)−H Bonds
作者:Baptiste Abadie、Damien Jardel、Gianluca Pozzi、Patrick Toullec、Jean‐Marc Vincent
DOI:10.1002/chem.201904111
日期:2019.12.13
benzophenone (BP) with a catalytic amount of Cu(OAc)2 . Under mild and operationally simple conditions, the Giese adducts resulting from the C(sp3 )-Hfunctionalization of amines, alcohols, ethers, and cycloalkanes could be synthesized. Preliminary mechanistic studies have revealed that the reaction does not proceed through a radical chain, but through a dual BP/Cu photocatalytic process, in which both CuII
Alkylation of the α-amino C–H bonds of anilines photocatalyzed by a DMEDA-Cu-benzophenone complex: reaction scope and mechanistic studies
作者:Baptiste Abadie、Gediminas Jonusauskas、Nathan D. McClenaghan、Patrick Y. Toullec、Jean-Marc Vincent
DOI:10.1039/d1ob00960e
日期:——
complex 1 incorporating a BP chromophore is a highly active and chemoselective photocatalyst for the alkylation of α-amino C–H bonds of anilines. The reaction was shown to proceed with a broad substrate scope in the absence of additives. Extensive mechanisticstudies were performed, in particular using transient absorption spectroscopy, and spectroscopic signatures of key intermediates were identified
含有 BP 发色团的 Cu( II )配合物1是一种高活性和化学选择性的光催化剂,用于苯胺的 α-氨基 C-H 键的烷基化。该反应显示在没有添加剂的情况下以广泛的底物范围进行。进行了广泛的机理研究,特别是使用瞬态吸收光谱,并在催化条件下确定了关键中间体的光谱特征。最后,通过一锅法进行多组分 CuAAC 和烯烃加氢烷基化反应,展示了1作为多任务催化剂的能力。
The Coupling of Tertiary Amines with Acrylate Derivatives via Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis
作者:Xiaojun Dai、Dongping Cheng、Baochuan Guan、Wenjuan Mao、Xiaoliang Xu、Xiaonian Li
DOI:10.1021/jo501097b
日期:2014.8.1
Catalyzed by Ru(bpy)3(BF4)2, the photoredox coupling of tertiary amines with acrylate derivatives including Baylis–Hillman adducts under visible light irradiation was successfully established. The scope of the substrates was broad, and thus an array of γ-aminobutyric ester derivatives was obtained in moderate to good yields.
Ultrasound Stimulated Nucleation and Growth of a Dye Assembly into Extended Gel Nanostructures
作者:Joanna M. Malicka、Anjamkudy Sandeep、Filippo Monti、Elisa Bandini、Massimo Gazzano、Choorikkat Ranjith、Vakayil K. Praveen、Ayyappanpillai Ajayaghosh、Nicola Armaroli
DOI:10.1002/chem.201301539
日期:2013.9.23
sonication‐induced gelation. Furthermore, in order to probe the effects of nanoscale substrates on the sonication‐induced self‐assembly, a minuscule amount of single‐walled carbon nanotubes was added, which leads to acceleration of the self‐assembly through a heterogeneous nucleation process that ultimately affords a supramolecular gel with nanotape‐like morphology. This study demonstrates that self‐assembly of functional